FOA Webinar: Amy Gansell

FRIENDS OF ASOR WEBINARS

The Queens of Nimrud’s Northwest Palace: Beauty, Power, and Presence in the Neo-Assyrian World, c. 865–705 BCE

Friends of ASOR present the next webinar of the 2024-2025 season on May 14, 2025, at 7:00 pm EDT, presented by Dr. Amy Gansell. This webinar will be free and open to the public. Registration through Zoom (with a valid email address) is required. This webinar will be recorded and all registrants will be sent a recording link in the days following the webinar.

Nearly three thousand years ago, at the ancient site of Nimrud (near modern Mosul, Iraq), a succession of ten Neo-Assyrian kings reigned in collaboration with their queens from the magnificence of the Northwest Palace, the seat of the empire and center of their world. Too often overshadowed by the well documented legacy of Neo-Assyrian kings, this presentation illuminates the queens who reigned with them. Dr. Gansell focuses on the queens of Nimrud’s Northwest Palace (c. 865–705 BCE) because it is here, in the late 1980s, that Iraqi archaeologists uncovered their partially intact royal tombs. The tombs contained heaps of precious jewelry and regalia, along with cuneiform inscriptions, and even some skeletal remains. Putting together these artifacts of death and connecting them to the art, architecture, and written record of the palace, we can learn about the names, lives, appearance, royal duties, and religious roles of the queens. Piece by piece, and layer by layer, across about 150 years of evidence, we discover the beauty, power, and presence of Nimrud’s Northwest Palace queens in life, death, and for eternity.

Although research into the deep past inevitably reveals gaps in our knowledge and raises unanswerable questions, what we don’t know can also stimulate curiosity and creativity, which Dr. Gansell applies in offering a virtually rendered snapshot of the world of the queens of Nimrud’s Northwest Palace. If we just said “we don’t know” to all our questions about the queens, soon we’d be left just talking about the kings, and the story of the Neo-Assyrian empire would remain a conventional history of a man’s world.

Dr. Amy Gansell is Associate Professor of Art History in the Department of Art & Design at St. John’s University, where she serves as the Assistant Department Chair and Coordinator for the Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Interdisciplinary Minor. She received her PhD in the History of Art and Architecture from Harvard University in 2008. From 2008 to 2010, Dr. Gansell held a full-time position with the US Department of State as the Associate Coordinator for Afghan and Iraqi Cultural Heritage. In this capacity, she worked on diplomatic projects to restore and build professional capacity at the Afghan National Museum, the National Museum of Iraq, and the site of Babylon. Dr. Gansell returned to academic life in 2010 as a postdoctoral fellow at Emory University’s Bill and Carol Fox Center for Humanistic Inquiry, after which she taught art history to art and design students at Pratt Institute and the State University of New York’s Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT).

Dr. Gansell’s current research focuses on the architecture, art, and artifacts that help to tell the stories of ancient Mesopotamia’s Neo-Assyrian queens (c. 865–612 BCE). Her monograph on this subject is forthcoming with Oxford University Press. Dr. Gansell has co-edited CyberResearch on the Ancient Near East and Neighboring Regions (Brill, 2018) and Testing the Canon of Ancient Near Eastern Art and Archaeology (Oxford University Press, 2020), and her scholarly essays have appeared in prestigious international journals including the American Journal of Archaeology, Cambridge Archaeological Journal, and the Journal of Archaeological Science. Dr. Gansell’s research and publications have been supported through two National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grants as well as a grant from The American Academic Research Institute in Iraq (TAARI).

SPONSOR A WEBINAR!

Several levels of support from $50-$1,000 are available. Proceeds go towards membership scholarships and towards increasing ASOR’s virtual resources. Each sponsorship is tax-deductible and includes benefits! Sponsor a webinar here. 

WHY SPONSOR ONLY ONE?

Season Sponsorships are also available from the ASOR Online Store here!

Click here for more information on the benefits of becoming a season sponsor or sponsoring a single webinar.

Fieldwork Report: Rubar Yavuz

Tell Tayinat 2024: A Season in the Shadow of an Earthquake

Rubar Yavuz, 2024 Eric and Carol Meyers Fieldwork Scholarship Recipient

Tell Tayinat is a mound located 18 km west of Reyhanlı district in Hatay and 1.5 km east of the Orontes River. Southeastern Turkey experienced a major earthquake in 2023, which significantly impacted and damaged the Hatay province. Our excavation house was also severely damaged by the earthquake. This is why our excavation house consisted of containers and portables for the 2024 season.

Archaeology is not just about digging the soil. It is a space where human relationships are strengthened, where people come together to work towards a common research goal, and where individuals from different cultures meet. Even though this earthquake has caused major losses for people we know from the region, I still feel that we were able to reconnect, help each other while having a productive season.

The Iron Age layers have always fascinated me and have been an important focus of my thesis research. I would like to thank our excavation director for allowing me to excavate and study the Iron Age layers.

First day of excavations

The Tell Tayinat excavation site was identified in 1933 by a team from the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, led by Robert J. Braidwood. In 1999, the mound was re-examined by a team led by Timothy P. Harrison, and excavation began in 2004. During these excavations, Early Bronze Age and Iron Age layers were identified.

During the 2024 season, we woke up at 4:00 a.m., and the vehicle departed at 4:30. Of course, these times shifted based on the sunrise. I was excavating a square in the Iron Age layers, following a stone pavement that had already been exposed in the 2022 season. From the moment it was uncovered, this stone layer indicated the extent of its damage. The surface soil extended to a depth of approximately 0.35 m. I was aware that I was conducting an excavation of surface soil, yet I was still careful not to miss any artifacts. Over the course of about a month, ceramic and basalt fragments were uncovered.

Iron Age Stone Pavement that has been disturbed

Our excavation used the locus-lot system, which meant we divided the area into square sections and excavated piece by piece. The main objective in the area I was working on was to follow a specific pavement. The most striking aspect for me was the artifacts located just above the floor. One seal, dated to the Assyrian period, was found directly on this stone pavement. After documenting the artifact, it was removed. Archaeology, in a sense, is about concealing all emotions, I managed to calm the excitement I felt inside though I was very happy that it was uncovered. After cleaning in the dig house it was confirmed to be an Assyrian seal with the image of a quadruped. There was some discussion of what animal it could be; many thought it was a lion, though some thought it was a type of composite animal. After this find, it was decided that expanding the excavation area further would be beneficial. While doing so, a bulla was found on this stone floor. This artifact was also dated to the Assyrian period.

End of season photo of my square

So, this floor was either built during the Assyrian period, or it predates them, with the Assyrians having walked on it. Despite the damage in the area I was excavating, this layer belonged to the Assyrians.

A gravelly layer made of hard soil and nari was encountered in the north of the area. This layer indicated that we had transitioned to a second phase. This gravelly layer extended beneath the stone floor. After documenting two stones from the stone pavement, they were removed, and a bronze armor scale was found beneath the stone floor. The Neo-Assyrian artifacts and related late Iron Age ceramics suggest that this layer was part of the Neo-Assyrian settlement in Tayinat, which was incredibly exciting to excavated and reveal.

Me while doing a section drawing

n conclusion, this season’s excavations were both enjoyable and tiring, but that is archaeology! I would like to express my gratitude to ASOR and Eric and Carol Meyers for providing this fellowship. Thanks to this fellowship, I was able to attend Tell Tayinat excavations, expand my research on the Iron Age, and make new friends.

For more information about the Tayinat Archaeological Field School visit here.

Working on a square plan

Rubar was born in 1995 in the province of Mersin. He completed his primary, secondary, and high school education in Mersin. In 2017, he enrolled in the Archaeology department at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University. He graduated with honors in 2021. He was accepted into a master’s program at the same university, where he is currently continuing his studies. He participated in 17 different excavations focused on the Iron Age. He has conducted research on burial traditions of the Iron Age and is writing his master’s thesis on these burial practices.

Want to help more students and early career archaeologists get into the field? Donate to the cause today by selecting “Fieldwork Scholarships” as your gift purpose!

Fieldwork Report: Brady Hill

Summer Days in Bazyan – My Involvement in the Kani Shaie Archaeological Project

Brady Hill, 2024 G. Ernest Wright Fieldwork Scholarship Recipient 

As a budding archaeologist researching ancient Mesopotamia, saying my opportunity to excavate in Iraqi Kurdistan was a ‘big deal’ is an understatement. Indeed, after being accepted for a Masters in Archaeology at Cambridge, I contacted my to-be supervisor Dr. Steve Renette to enquire about the university’s archaeology department and my potential dissertation topic. After discussing the discovery of Parthian period (2nd century BC – 2nd/3rd century AD) remains during his summer of 2023 excavations at Kani Shaie, Dr. Renette offered me the chance to work on this material during the project’s 2024 field work season. This was an offer I could not refuse given my strong interests in Parthian period Mesopotamia, so I quickly began applying for grants to enable my participation in the Kani Shaie Archaeological Project.

Fortunately, ASOR generously awarded me the G. Ernest Wright Fieldwork Scholarship, securing my opportunity to go to Iraqi Kurdistan. Their assistance supported my living expenses on the dig, allowing me to work at the site for the entirety of the 5-week season running from late August to late September.

After 4 months of eagerly waiting for the fieldwork season to begin, my daily fantasies of visiting and working in Iraqi Kurdistan were finally brought to fruition once we exited Erbil International Airport and were greeted by the blistering heat of the region’s morning sun. It felt as if my countless hours of studying and researching had led up to this moment, and as we began strolling to the project driver’s car and I heard the Kurdish people speaking their beautiful language, it hit me that I was finally in this fascinating land.

Given Kani Shaie is located in Sulaymaniyah Province in the eastern half of Iraqi Kurdistan, we had a 3-hour drive from Erbil to the village of Bazyan where our accommodation was located. Once we arrived, we had to prepare the house for the next 5 weeks and the rest of the project team joining us over the coming days. After completing our preliminary tasks, it was time to begin excavating.

Looking south towards Kani Shaie. The Lower Town trench can be seen in the foreground in front of the main settlement mound.
Looking south towards Kani Shaie. The Lower Town trench can be seen in the foreground in front of the main settlement mound.

Now, despite its small size, Kani Shaie is no ordinary one or two period site but possesses a settlement history ranging from the 6th millennium BC to the Ottoman period. Therefore, the project team worked in two excavation trenches this season, one on the main settlement mound which focused upon the site’s Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (4th and 3rd millennium BC) occupations, and one in the ‘Lower Town’ focused on Kani Shaie’s later occupations (the Hellenistic, Parthian, and Islamic periods). With my aforementioned interests, I worked in the Lower Town and was given the task of processing and recording the plethora of ceramic finds from the trench.

Our schedule was intense but manageable, digging from 5 am to half past noon 6 days a week, and doing post – excavation processing for the rest of the day. This consisted of pottery washing, drawing and photography, recording the daily small finds (glass bracelets and sherds, grinding stones, miscellaneous metal pieces, etc.), making sure the contexts sheets were up to date, and a whole plethora of other tasks carried out by the project’s team members. I was very fortunate to learn many new skills related to pottery recording and analysis thanks to the patience of Dr. Renette and our ceramics specialist Dr. Mike Lewis (University of Coimbra). This included my introduction to drawing pottery profiles by hand, a necessary task for archaeological publications. Though quite difficult for me at first, this work was eventually highly rewarding once I gained sufficiency in the skill, transforming me into a proper ‘pot nerd’ by the end of the season.

Posing with one of the washed pottery baskets. After being cleaned by the Kurdish students on the project team, it was my daily task to sort through these baskets of pottery, counting each sherd and keeping those that were diagnostic.
Posing with one of the washed pottery baskets. After being cleaned by the Kurdish students on the project team, it was my daily task to sort through these baskets of pottery, counting each sherd and keeping those that were diagnostic.

Nevertheless, some interest ing small finds emerged from these levels, including a Neo-Assyrian period (10th – 7th centuries BC) cylinder seal! Though its location within a Parthian and Islamic period context further attests to these occupation layers’ highly disturbed nature, the seal’s presence at Kani Shaie suggests a Neo-Assyrian period occupation remains to be discovered. Despite this amazing find, these initial weeks of our excavation were still rather disappointing due to the poor preservation of our trench’s archaeology, leading us to push onwards with the hope of finding more preserved Parthian period remains.

The Neo-Assyrian period cylinder seal found during our excavations in the Lower Town. It was spotted by Hawre, one of our dedicated Kurdish workmen helping us in the trench.
The Neo-Assyrian period cylinder seal found during our excavations in the Lower Town. It was spotted by Hawre, one of our dedicated Kurdish workmen helping us in the trench.

Eventually, we found something to write home about. Indeed, two linear parallel stone walls running southeast to northwest within the trench began to poke out of the ground as we dug downwards. With curiosity and great excitement, we meticulously exposed the walls, eventually revealing a substantial rectangular stone building. We had found a well-preserved pre-Islamic period level! However, there was something different about the pottery styles and shapes from the building’s associated layers, and after studying the finds in the afternoon it became apparent that this was likely not Parthian, but a Hellenistic period construction.

For those readers who are unaware, the Hellenistic period precedes the Parthian period and is characterized by the conquests of Alexander the Great between 333 BC and his death in 323 BC, and the subsequent establishment of the Seleucid Empire in Mesopotamia by one of the deceased king’s companions, Seleucus I Nicator. Along with the Parthian era, I have a great interest in Hellenistic period Mesopotamia and the Seleucid Empire, so you can imagine my excitement once we realized the building’s (rough) dating!

As typical with all field seasons, we had only a few days to excavate the structure before wrapping up the project for the year. Consequently, we were unable to fully excavate the building, but its discovery indicates a substantial Hellenistic period occupation remains to be uncovered in the coming seasons at Kani Shaie.

Drone photo of the Lower Town’s Hellenistic period stone building. Taken towards the end of the excavation season.
Drone photo of the Lower Town’s Hellenistic period stone building. Taken towards the end of the excavation season.

Outside of the excavation, we took team trips to archaeological sites and scenic areas of Sulaymaniyah Province during our days off, which for the most part was always a Friday. These included the Achaemenid rock cut tombs of Qizqapan and the beautiful Lake Dokan, the Paleolithic caves of Hazar Merd, and the Parthian period mountain fortress of Rabana-Merquly. Our visits served as an excellent way for the project team to relax and appreciate the lands in which we worked, finishing the afternoon with a wonderful Kurdish lunch consisting of a kebab, warm bread, and the fermented yogurt drink ‘dogh’. I particularly enjoyed the opportunities we had to immerse ourselves in Kurdish culture and their hospitality, learning new words through conversation and exploring their ways of living.

Group photo of the project team visiting the University of Heidelberg’s excavations at Rabana-Merquly. Led by Dr. Micheal Brown, the excavations focus upon the large-scale military fortifications at the site and its religious sanctuary.
Group photo of the project team visiting the University of Heidelberg’s excavations at Rabana-Merquly. Led by Dr. Micheal Brown, the excavations focus upon the large-scale military fortifications at the site and its religious sanctuary.

Beyond this being a fantastic field work and learning experience for myself, the plethora of Hellenistic and Parthian period pottery recovered from Kani Shaie this year has provided me with a dissertation topic for my ongoing studies at Cambridge. These periods are historically under-researched within Mesopotamian studies, in particular their ceramic forms and styles. Therefore, with all of this material and the discovery of the stone building, the 2024 season presents an excellent case study for Hellenistic and Parthian period archaeology in Iraqi Kurdistan. My original intention when applying for the Ernest G. Wright fieldwork scholarship was to use the material found at Kani Shaie for my dissertation research, however archaeology is always full of surprises and therefore nothing is guaranteed once the trowel hits the dirt. So, I am beyond elated to research a dataset that I myself was involved in uncovering.

Posing with the largest pottery sherd I have yet to encounter on the last day of excavations. It came from a sunk storage jar in the northwest corner of the trench.

In conclusion, I would like to thank Dr. Steve Renette and the Kani Shaie Archaeological Project’s co-director André Tomé (University of Coimbra) for their generosity and leadership over the course of the 2024 excavation season, as well as Dr. Mike Lewis for his insights and encouragement as I stumbled through pottery recording, and Dr. Glynnis Maynard for her excellent supervision of the Lower Town trench. I would also like to thank the Slemani Antiquities and Heritage Directorate and the devoted service of our Kurdish supervisor Zana Abdullkarim Qadir. Lastly, I must emphasize again that it is with ASOR’s generosity that I was able to participate in this excavation without worrying about financial barriers, and it is through them that I and many other emerging archaeologists have been empowered to take those precious fieldwork opportunities offered to them.

 

Brady Hill is currently studying for a master’s degree in archaeology at the University of Cambridge. Born and raised in Dallas, Texas, his research interests have taken him ‘across the pond’ to study the archaeology of ancient Mesopotamia during both his undergraduate degree at Durham University and now in Cambridge. Alongside the region’s ancient past, he possesses a strong interest in modern Middle Eastern cultures, studying Arabic and Sorani Kurdish in his free time alongside his archaeology coursework.

Learn more about the Kani Shaie Archaeological Project through their instagram: @kani_shaie_arch_project 

Want to help more students and early career archaeologists get into the field? Donate to the cause today by selecting “Fieldwork Scholarships” as your gift purpose!

Table of Contents for Near Eastern Archaeology 88.1 (2025)

Table of Contents for Near Eastern Archaeology 88.1 (March 2025)

NEA 88.1 cover
You can receive NEA(and other ASOR publications) through an ASOR Membership.
Please e-mail the Membership office if you have any questions.
Pp. 4–14: “From Seasonal Hunting Base to Permanent Settlement: Insights from the High-altitude Hormangan Site,” by Morteza Khanipour and Masashi Abe

The lifestyle and subsistence patterns of Neolithic people during the second half of the seventh millennium BCE has become a topic of scientific discussion worldwide. This topic has rarely been discussed in the archaeology of Iran. Based on findings from the Hormangan archaeological site, this article discusses this period in southern Iran within the broader context of southwest Asia. The paper introduces the findings of the excavation of the Hormangan site. It also discusses why the subsistence pattern of Fars societies changed in this period, and the development of Neolithic societies toward social complexity. These changes were likely caused by climatic shifts during the second half of the seventh millennium BCE.

ASOR Members with online access: log into ASOR’s Online Portal here. Once logged in, click the JOURNALS tab in the top navigation bar. Tutorials for how to log in to the Online Portal as well as how to navigate to the Portal Journals page can be found here.

Pp. 16-23: “Tappeh Ziar: A Chalcolithic Site along the Zayandeh Rud River Basin (ZRB) in Isfahan, Iran,” by Jaleh Kamalizad and Alireza Sardari

The Zāyandeh Rūd River played an important role in shaping the society of ancient Isfahan, although the river basin had not been well investigated archaeologically. In 2021 an archaeological survey was conducted by the Isfahan Hydraulic Heritage Project along the Zāyandeh Rūd River. Roughly thirty kilometers southeast of the city of Isfahan, prehistoric pottery sherds attributed to the Bakun period came to light on the surface of a tell-site called Tappeh Ziar. The analysis and comparison of the sherds show some interactions with the Fars prehistoric cultures, especially the Kur River Basin during the fifth millennium BCE.

ASOR Members with online access: log into ASOR’s Online Portal here. Once logged in, click the JOURNALS tab in the top navigation bar. Tutorials for how to log in to the Online Portal as well as how to navigate to the Portal Journals page can be found here.

Pp. 24-34: “Art as the Child of Nature: Investigating the Interplay between Human Society, Environment, and Artistic Production in Prehistoric Bronze Age Cyprus,” by Zuzana Chovanec

This article presents research that examines how changing characteristics of the natural world were incorporated into ancient Cypriot art. A key objective is to synthesize and apply data pertaining to the distribution and socioeconomic uses of animals during the Bronze Age to analysis of their representation in Cypriot material culture. This permits trends in human-environment relationships to be examined, including characteristics of transported landscapes, changing attitudes toward the natural world, the evolution of artistic convention, and, more broadly, the interplay between human occupation, cultural production, and environmental impact in Cyprus during a period of increasing social, economic, and cultural integration. Preliminary observations pertaining to animal representations in the prehistoric Bronze Age in Cyprus are presented.

ASOR Members with online access: log into ASOR’s Online Portal here. Once logged in, click the JOURNALS tab in the top navigation bar. Tutorials for how to log in to the Online Portal as well as how to navigate to the Portal Journals page can be found here.

Pp. 36-46: “Ayios Iakovos-Dhima, Ideological Stake-Claiming, and Social Reproduction in Northeast Cyprus in the Late Bronze Age,” by Thomas John William Humphrey

This article reexamines the Late Bronze Age activity at Ayios Iakovos-Dhima in the northeast of Cyprus to better understand the nature of the activity at the site. A detailed spatial and biographical examination of the finds draws on a recent analysis of the unpublished sherds suggesting a more complex stratigraphy and dating than previously thought. This is combined with an examination of the site’s location, phases of use, and local and regional context to explore Dhima’s place in the ritual landscape of northeast Cyprus. The surviving MC III/LC IA evidence suggests Dhimawas used as a means of ideological stake-claiming during a period of upheaval, while the importance of the site appears to have influenced its later use for similar purposes. The LC IB/IIA activity at the site appears to have been centered around performative rituals of commensality and libations as a means of ideological stake-claiming and social reproduction.

ASOR Members with online access: log into ASOR’s Online Portal here. Once logged in, click the JOURNALS tab in the top navigation bar. Tutorials for how to log in to the Online Portal as well as how to navigate to the Portal Journals page can be found here.

Pp. 48-56: “Ritual Banqueting at a Hellenistic Sacred Area on the top of Fabrika Hill, Nea Paphos,” by Jolanta Młynarczyk

A joint French-Polish team carried out excavations in the southern part of a hillock known as Fabrika in Nea Paphos from 2018 to 2022. The foremost focus of the research was the detailed investigation of a temple site recognizable in a rock-cut platform and with some confidence attributed to the cult of Paphian Aphrodite. Careful examination of the temple’s surroundings led to the identification of three different places in which ritual banquets were being held during the Hellenistic period. Each of the respective banqueting places, dated on the basis of associated ceramics and coins, had a different appearance and character, doubtless having been destined for diverse groups of participants.

ASOR Members with online access: log into ASOR’s Online Portal here. Once logged in, click the JOURNALS tab in the top navigation bar. Tutorials for how to log in to the Online Portal as well as how to navigate to the Portal Journals page can be found here.

Pp. 58-69: “Medieval Settlement Excavations at Arpa, Armenia: Regional Context and Chronology for a Silk Road Town,” by Astghik Babajanyan and Kate Franklin

This article focuses on the medieval Arpa settlement, situated in the Vayots Dzor region of the Republic of Armenia. The site of Arpa was a significant settlement in the Middle Ages; since the nineteenth century the site has been used as a cemetery, resulting in significant destruction to the medieval layers. This article presents the results of the 2023 season of excavations in the eastern extent of the settlement, an attempt to recover material assemblages, and addresses the early chronology of the site. In the process of these excavations, living and working contexts from the later Middle Ages (fourteenth–fifteenth centuries CE) were uncovered. The discussion of these contexts and their assemblages provides new information on the end of the Middle Ages in Armenia and a transitional period in the overland movement of people and goods referred to by later scholars as the Silk Roads.

ASOR Members with online access: log into ASOR’s Online Portal here. Once logged in, click the JOURNALS tab in the top navigation bar. Tutorials for how to log in to the Online Portal as well as how to navigate to the Portal Journals page can be found here.

Pp. 70-77: “Byzantine Epitaphs: Unearthing New Sources of Christian Socioreligious Landscape from Southeastern Al-Karak Plateau (Southern Jordan),” by Musallam R. Al-Rawahneh

The objective of this article is to bring to light seven previously unpublished Byzantine funerary inscriptions discovered in the southeastern Al-Karak Plateau (southeastern Moab, Jordan). These inscriptions are currently preserved in the Al-Karak Archaeological Museum in southern Jordan. Fortunately, most of these inscriptions are in relatively good condition, and the scripts correspond to types 2, 3, and 4 of the Canova classification. The inscriptions bear a striking resemblance to the many epitaphs from the fifth through seventh centuries CE carved on rectangular tombstones and adorned with Christian symbols in the same region.

ASOR Members with online access: log into ASOR’s Online Portal here. Once logged in, click the JOURNALS tab in the top navigation bar. Tutorials for how to log in to the Online Portal as well as how to navigate to the Portal Journals page can be found here.

FOA Webinar: Kristine Garroway

FRIENDS OF ASOR WEBINARS

The Dying Child: Death and Personhood of Children in Ancient Israel

Friends of ASOR present the next webinar of the 2024-2025 season on April 16, 2025, at 7:00 pm EDT, presented by Dr. Kristine Garroway. This webinar will be free and open to the public. Registration through Zoom (with a valid email address) is required. This webinar will be recorded and all registrants will be sent a recording link in the days following the webinar.

The death of a child is perhaps the most painful, heartbreaking, and seemingly unnatural experience we have the displeasure of living with. Yet it is difficult to say with certainty whether this sentiment was shared by the inhabitants of ancient Isarel. Some anthropologists have found that in societies which experience a high rate of infant mortality and childhood death, parents remain emotionally detached from their children and do not mourn their deaths. We know that ancient Israel, like many pre-industrial societies, had a very high rate of infant mortality and childhood deaths. Did Israelites therefore care for their dying children? Did they give them a proper burial? Did they consider their children part of their families? The Hebrew Bible does not offer much information on the subject. Every time a child’s death is referenced, it is as a plot device in a narrative to prove an ethical, moral, or theological point. Abraham must sacrifice his child to show his commitment to God; Elijah shows off his wonder-working skills when he revives a dead child; David and Bathsheba’s first child dies because David committed murder and adultery; and Solomon demonstrates his wisdom when he commands a child to be cut in half. Yet, none of the biblical texts discuss how, or even if, Israelites cared for their dying children. Fortunately, there is another source to which we can turn to answer such questions: archaeology.

The archaeological record provides us with an incredible amount of information regarding the way that families coped with the death of a child. Yet, it has gone underappreciated, even unnoticed in the scholarly literature. This talk will take you along a journey to explore the ways in which people living in the time of the Israelite monarchy (Iron Age II ca. 1200-587 BCE) cared for their dying children. It will examine the different methods of burying children and the possible beliefs driving the choice of interment. We will discuss the relationship between a belief in rebirth and jar burials in the Northern Kingdom and cremations on the coast, as well as the Judahite concern for ethnically marking one’s child as Israelite and including them in the family tomb. While the array of burial practices attests to the heterodox beliefs of people living in the land of Israel, one thing unifies them: as we will see, people understood even young children to have some degree of personhood, which necessitated both burial and post-mortem care.

Kristine Henriksen Garroway is Professor of Bible at the HUC-JIR’s Skirball Campus in Los Angeles where she joined the faculty in 2011. She received her doctorate in Hebrew Bible and Cognate Studies at the HUC-JIR/Cincinnati in 2009. She has spent time studying and researching in Israel and has participated in excavations at Ashkelon, Tel Dor, and Tel Dan. Garroway’s scholarship focuses on children using archaeology and texts of ancient Israel and Mesopotamia. She has published in various scholarly journals and is a regular contributor to thetorah.com. Garroway’s books include: Children in the Ancient Near Eastern Household(Eisenbrauns 2014), Growing Up in Ancient Israel: Children in Material Culture and Biblical Texts (Society of Biblical Literature 2018), and The Dying Child: the Death and Personhood of Children in Ancient Israel (Oxford, 2025). She is the recipient of the Biblical Archaeological Society’s 2019 Publication Award for Best Book Relating to Hebrew Bible.

SPONSOR A WEBINAR!

Several levels of support from $50-$1,000 are available. Proceeds go towards membership scholarships and towards increasing ASOR’s virtual resources. Each sponsorship is tax-deductible and includes benefits! Sponsor a webinar here. 

WHY SPONSOR ONLY ONE?

Season Sponsorships are also available from the ASOR Online Store here!

Click here for more information on the benefits of becoming a season sponsor or sponsoring a single webinar.

AASOR 78: Ethics in Archaeological Practice

Annual of ASOR 78: Ethics in Archaeological Practice

Ethics in Archaeological Practice

ed. by Sarah Kielt Costello and Sarah Lepinski

with articles from  Sarah Kielt Costello, Sarah Lepinski, Beth Alpert Nakhai, Laura E. Heath-Stout, Grace Erny, Dimitri Nakassis, Debby Sneed, Mason Shrader, Nadhira Hill, Maggie Beeler, Tuğba Tanyeri-Erdemir, Christopher Thornton, Annelies Van de Ven, Louise A. Hitchcock, and Benjamin W. Porter.

Ethics in Archaeological Practice explores urgent topics and issues in archaeology as currently practiced in the classroom, the field, the museum, and the public sphere. While addressed primarily to archaeologists working in western Asia, the eastern Mediterranean, and North Africa, the volume raises contemporary ethical questions around race, gender, disability, climate change, and cultural heritage that are pressing and relevant to archaeology students and professionals worldwide. The fifteen contributors offer fundamental case studies and practical guidance for best practices and models of high standards of ethical practice in professional conduct. Together, they offer new approaches to advocacy and the responsible stewardship of heritage sites, collections, and the environment. These compelling and generative discussions make the case for a 21st century archaeology that is proactive and engaged with discourses addressing equity, social justice, anti-colonialism, and climate change.

Annual of ASOR, Volume 78, Series Editor William Caraher, December 2024, 208 pages (7 b/w figs & 2 tbls.). ISBN 9780897571227, $74.95.

Special Offer for ASOR Members

ASOR members (with a mailing address in the USA) can purchase a copy of AASOR 78 at the discounted price of $30.00 (60% discount + $5.00 US shipping) while supplies last. Purchases are restricted to one volume per member. We are unable to offer this discount to members without a US mailing address due to international shipping costs, but you can purchase and ship a copy through the ISD link below. Please contact programs@asor.org with any questions. Click here to purchase your discounted copy in ASOR’s online store.

Available from ISD — Distributor of Scholarly Books
www.isdistribution.com

FOA Webinar: Kate Franklin

FRIENDS OF ASOR WEBINARS

A Window on the Silk Road: Archaeology in Medieval Armenia

Friends of ASOR present this upcoming webinar of the 2024-2025 season on April 30, 2025, at 2:00 pm EDT, presented by Dr. Kate Franklin. This webinar will be free and open to the public. Registration through Zoom (with a valid email address) is required. This webinar will be recorded and all registrants will be sent a recording link in the days following the webinar.

To imagine the medieval Silk Road is to conjure up images of exotic commerce: camel caravans crossing wind-swept dunes, bustling city bazaars, silks and spices spilling from saddlebags. If these images loom large in modern imaginations of the Silk Road, how did people actually living in the Middle Ages think about long distance trade and travel? Drawing on textual, architectural and archaeological evidence, this talk explores the social lives of people living not in the city centers of medieval commerce, but in the places in-between, along the road. Specifically, the talk invites us to spend some time along the roadside with medieval people in the Armenian highlands, where special-built caravan inns housed travelers heading for the Mediterranean, to China, to the Middle East, and north into the steppe, and where people had their own imaginaries of the wider medieval world. Kate Franklin will share aspects of her work in the Republic of Armenia which show how global cultures emerge hand-in-hand with local worlds.

Kate Franklin is Senior Lecturer in Medieval History at Birkbeck, University of London. Kate is a landscape archaeologist and historian focused on the intersections of local and large-scale social worlds in the medieval landscapes of what is now the Republic of Armenia, where she has been co-PI of the Vayots Dzor Silk Road Survey for nearly a decade. Kate’s most recent book, Landscapes and Environments of the Middle Ages(Routledge 2023, co-authored with Michael Bintley) explores the cultural history of nature in the medieval period.

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Fieldwork Report: Riley Stockton

Digging Dirt in Cyprus

Riley Stockton, 2024 P.E. MacAllister Fieldwork Scholarship Recipient

This summer, I had the opportunity to participate in the Vigla Archaeological Field School, a sub-project of the Pyla-Koutsopetria Archaeological Project, based in Pyla, Cyprus. These excavations help to gain information about the history and exchange between Cyprus and the Eastern Mediterranean. The site was a military fortification from the Hellenistic period. The main purpose of excavation in this site is to better understand the purpose of this fortification site and its structures during this period. From the previous findings, it has been determined as a fortification site, but more information is still to be found on the daily life and activities of Vigla, as well as the previous structures that existed there. This experience was my first archaeological dig which was a truly unforgettable experience that deepened my understanding of the field.

Before this dig, my mental image of archaeology was somewhat stereotypical, but now, pottery sherds and layers of soil are what immediately come to mind. I never imagined I’d find myself sweeping dirt off of dirt or using a Munsell book to precisely match shades of soil, yet these became daily routines.

Me using the Munsell book for the first time.

At the dig, along with two other students, I excavated a trench from start to finish, which gave me a comprehensive understanding of the archaeological process. This included the paperwork, the specific excavation techniques applied at different stages, and the importance of understanding the context of artifacts and their surrounding environment.

One of the techniques I learned was photogrammetry, a process that involves taking a series of photographs to create a detailed 3D model of the area. In the trench where I worked, we uncovered two distinct pottery deposits on separate floor surfaces. After carefully excavating around the artifacts, my peers and I meticulously cleared the surrounding area to ensure the best possible images could be captured. One of our project directors, Dr. Brandon Olson, then photographed the trench from every angle to build the 3D model.

My two trench mates, Mason Ross and Laila Maidenberg, cleaning up around the pottery deposit.

Photogrammetry presented its own set of challenges, particularly with lighting. We could only take the necessary photos early in the morning when we arrived at 5:30 a.m. or when the sun was directly overhead. On one occasion, we had to rush to complete the process before the British military began their exercises at 7:30 a.m., as the site is located within a British military base. With the clock ticking, we managed to finish just in time, pack up, and evacuate the area.

Another time, as we prepared for photogrammetry, we noticed a thick wall of fog rolling in. We scrambled to clean the trench and take the necessary photos before the fog obscured the area. It was a race against nature so we could keep on digging.

Very foggy morning, Dr. Brandon Olson getting the pictures done for the photogrammetry just in time.

All in all, we managed to capture the necessary photographs despite the challenges we faced along the way. My trench mates and I, all first-time diggers, began and completed our trench together in just one month. The early mornings and relentless heat were tough, but I’m incredibly proud of the work we accomplished and deeply grateful for the unforgettable experience. A special thanks to ASOR and its donors for providing me with the opportunity to participate in this dig—I couldn’t have done it without their support.

For more information about the Vigla Archaeological Field School visit here.

Me, Mason Ross, and Laila Maidenberg on the last day in our completed trench!

Riley Stockton is a junior at Reed College where she majors in Greek, Latin, and Ancient Mediterranean studies with a concentration in history and archaeology.

Read about other student experiences on the Vigla Archaeological Project here.

Want to help more students and early career archaeologists get into the field? Donate to the cause today by selecting “Fieldwork Scholarships” as your gift purpose!