FY19 HONOR ROLL OF DONORS

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FISCAL YEAR 2019 HONOR ROLL OF DONORS

Current as of 6/30/19. Please send edits and suggestions to ASOR (email; 703-789-9229).

Clink here to view the list of Fiscal Year 2019 Honorific and Memorial Gifts.[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]

Benefactor ($20,000 and up)

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Susan Ackerman
Arnold and Porter, LLC (in kind)
Stevan B. Dana
Lawrence T. Geraty
Sharon Herbert
Norma Kershaw
MacAllister Machinery
P. E. MacAllister[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Eric and Carol Meyers
Richard F. Natarian
Ann V. Sahlman
Thomas and Marilyn Schaub*
Wayne Russell Shepard
Carolyn Midkiff Strange
World Monuments Fund[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]

Patron ($10,000 – $19,999)

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Anonymous
Anonymous
Anonymous
Sheldon and Debbie Fox[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Ronald D. Geraty
W. Mark Lanier Theological Library
Virginia Theological Seminary (in kind)[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]

Friend ($5,000 – $9,999)

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Anonymous
Sheila T. Bishop
Sonya and Richard Coffman
Susan Laden[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis
Joe D. Seger
Andy and Amy Vaughn[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]

Sponsor ($1,000 – $4,999)

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Jeffrey Blakely
James Bucko
P. M. Michèle Daviau
Ted Dodd and Lynn Swartz Dodd
Jane DeRose Evans
Seymour Gitin
Denise Gold
Timothy P. Harrison
Michael Hasel
Peyton R. Helm
David Hendin
Ann-Marie Knoblauch
Oystein LaBianca[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Carol Landes
Alex and Bridget MacAllister
Dale Manor
Daniel Mattson
Andrew Moelis
Christopher Morris
Barbara A. Porter
B. W. Ruffner
H. Katharine Sheeler
Abraham Sofaer and Marian Scheuer Sofaer
Charles W. Steinmetz
Carolyn Waldron
J. Edward and Keeley Wright[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]

Sustainer ($500 – $999)

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Lisa Marilyn Ackerman
Mitchell Allen
William S. Andreas
Gary Arbino
The Boston Foundation
Theodore Burgh
Hanan Charaf
Jürgen Friede
Joseph Greene
Alison Acker Gruseke
Albert Leonard[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Beth Alpert Nakhai
Heather Dana Davis Parker
Suzanne Richard
Thomas Schneider
Stuart Swiny
Jane Cahill West
Donald Whitcomb and Janet Johnson
F. Bryan Wilkins
K. Lawson Younger
Jeanine Young-Mason[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]

Supporter ($250 – $499)

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Elie M. Abemayor
Richard Adair
Susan Alcock
Lamar Barden
Vivian Bull
Richard R. Burky
Douglas Clark
William W. Ellinger III
Geoff Emberling
Steve E. Falconer
Paul Fitzpatrick
Kristine S. Garroway
Paul Gaylo
Rachel Hallote
James W. Hardin
Alexander Joffe
James F. Joyner III
Melody Knowles[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Carroll Kobs
Thomas Levy
Vincent Mauer
Byron McCane
Heather McKee
Piotr Michalowski
John Poss
Jonathan Rosenbaum
Kay Schellhase
Harriet Seiler
Hershel Shanks
John R. Spencer
Matthew Luke Vincent
Jane C. Waldbaum
James L. Walker
Eric L. Welch
Susan Lintz Williams[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]

Contributor ($100 – $249)

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Peggy Ackerman
Matthew J. Adams
Vernon Appleby
Randall C. Bailey
Mary Jane Barth
Dianne H. Benton
Andrea Berlin
Mildred Bilt
Elizabeth Bloch-Smith
Emily Miller Bonney
Oded Borowski
Karen Borstad
Roger Bove
Margaret Brandt
Thomas Brayshaw
Wilfred F. Bunge
Cynthia Ruth Burdge
Frances Cahill
Annemarie Carr
Christopher Carr
Scott Chesworth
Megan Cifarelli
Mark Chancey
W. Malcolm Clark
William Clark
Eric Cline
Margaret E. Cohen
R. Dennis Cole
Robert E. Cooley
Kevin Cooney
Randy Corbet
Sarah Costello
Sidnie White Crawford
Cheryl Davis
Gregorio del Olmo Lete
Ruth Denault
Elif Denel
Bert DeVries
Michaella Ryan Dial
Helen Dixon
Alison Down
Anne M. Dunn
Jennie Ebeling
Terry Wayne Eddinger
David J. Eidson
Michael Paul Ellingsen
Raymond Ewing
Brian Facemire
Marjorie Fisher
Debra Foran
David Fosse
Catherine P. Foster
Norma J. Franklin
James Fraser
Joe Furr
Steven J. Garfinkle
Robert Gauld
Barbara Geller
Susan Gidley
Barry M. Gittlen
Richard Cartier Godfrey
Morris Golik
Angela Goodwin
David Gordon
Arnold J. Gutierrez
Carl Guzzo
Robert Haak
Jacqueline Haynes
Jennifer Helbley
Ellen Herscher
Forbes Hirsch
Merilyn P. Hodgson
Shirlee Hoffman
Susan Tower Hollis
Janet Horowitz[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Stephen Huffman
Herbert B. Huffmon
David Ilan
Massimo Imperiali
Charles Ellwood Jones
Dylan Karges
Trudy Kawami
KDI Capital Partners
Taylor Kelley
Ruth E. Kent
Stephen Kimpel
Sonja M. Klonaris
Stephen Kraft
Manfred Krebernik
David Laird
Nancy Lapp
Frederick Lauritsen
Arthur Lewis
Bjorn F. and Beverly Lindgren
Gloria London
JoAnn Denny Long
Catherine Lorber
Meir Lubetski
Frank Maddox
Charles Marlin
Sheila E. McGinn
Charles Midkiff
William R. Millar
Robert D. Miller
Jenna Morton
Robert A. Mullins
David Norris
Renee O’Brien
John P. Oleson
Marek Olszewski
Randall O’Neill
Thomas R. Pickering
Timothy Potts
Daniel J. Pullen
Jennifer Ramsay
Barbara Rentenbach
Robert Leo Reynolds
Joseph D. Rivera
Thomas Roby
Bruce Romanic
Mitchell Rothman
Robert H. Saunders
Kennett D. Schath
Jennifer Schneider
William Schniedewind
Wolfhart Schubach
Ryland and Carol Scott
Lee R. Seeman
Nancy Serwint
Audrey Shaffer
HL Sheppard
Alan Simmons
Jill Small
Robert Wayne Smith
Ondrej Stehlik
Olin J. Storvick*
James Riley Strange
Janet A. Sullivan
Robert Troth
Herbert Unger
Manny Villafana
Joseph J. Weinstein
Richard E. Whitaker
Robert R. Wilson
Frederick Winter
Irene J. Winter
Randall Younker
Richard Zettler
Ziony Zevit
Frank Zindler[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]

Donor (up to $100)

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]ACE Services
Randy Akers
Susan Allen
Cynthia Allyn
Bjorn Anderson
Jakob Andersson
Nathanael J. Andrade
Austin Andrews
Susan Arter
Brenda Baker
Jose E. Balcells
Nerida Bates
Amanda Bauer
Dennis C. Baugh
Adam Bean
Mark Becker
Leigh-Ann Bedal
Mike BenAvi
Robert Bewley
Alan Bower
Scott Branting
Aaron Brody
Joel P. Butler MW
Mary Callaway
Dennis M. Callies
Mervyn Carson
Evan Carter
Christian Dane Casey
Roy Ciampa
Joseph Cigliano
Maureen Clawson
Betty Coffman
Carson Coffman
Stephen Cook
Aaron Coyle-Carr
Isabel Creasman
Pearce Paul Creasman
Marta D’Andrea
John Darst
Peter Davids
Caroline Davies
Anne McKinney Dehnisch
Paul J. Dirkes
Michel Disdero
Chonglinf Dong
Arthur Drott
Zachary Dunseth
Pinar Durgun
Tiffany Earley-Spadoni
Benjamin Eliason
Sigo Falk
Valerie Fargo
Heidi Fessler
Kevin Fisher
Daniel Fisher-Livne
Paul V. M. Flesher
Elise Friedland
Bryan Fox
Matthew Fox
Eugene M. Futato
Pamela Gaber
Aaron David Gidding
Nathan Gidding
Samuel Gidding
Kathryn Gleason
Shubadhra Gopalakrishnan
Claire Gottlieb
Marylinda Govaars
Samuel Greengus
Jonathan Greer
Paul Gregor
Kathryn Grossman
Reem Habayeb
Melvyn Halbert
Judith Hall
Elaine Handelman
Lowell K. Handy
Edward Hanlon
A. M. Hansen
Walt Harper
Michael Harrower
Rick Hauser
Elliot Heifetz
Daniel Henningsson
Peter Herdrich
Richard Hess
Karyn Hilliard
Kathleen Hollenbeck
Mara T. Horowitz
Marjorie Hoskinson
Jeffrey Hudon
Izaak J. de Hulster
Patricia Hung
Deborah Hurn
Susan Hussein
Institute for Archaeological Research & Discovery[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Walter Jacob
Margaret Lois Jansen
Stephen Jervey
Craig Jones
Lillian B. Joyce
Marshall Kaiser
Rachel Kalisher
Debra Kalodner
Jeffery Keefe
Aaron Koller
Paul Korchin
William Krieger
Katherine Larson
Joseph I. Lauer
Randall and Mary Nell Lee
Peter Machinist
David Maltsberger
Suzanne Malush
Faith Mason
Stanley Maxwell
Laura Mazow
James L. McClain
Martin McNamara
Dottie Middleton
James Moore
Melissa Muendel
Shakir Mustafa
Rachel Virginia Nabulsi
Nawal Nasrallah
David L. Nelson
Network for Good
David Nickols
Erika Marie Niemann
Christina Olson
Selma Omerefendic
Paul Orselli
Elizabeth A. Osinga
Marta Ostovich
Christine Elizabeth Palmer
Rosemary N. Palmer
Roy R. Palmer
Tate Paulette
Lawrence Pearl
Jane D. Peterson
Megan A. Perry
Stetson Pevear
Donald Charles Polaski
Sandra Hack Polaski
Taube Ponce
Bezalel Porten
Arlene Press
Robert E. Puscheck
Tine Rassalle
Paul Ray Jr.
William Raynolds
M. Barbara Reeves
Austin Richards
Sarah Richardson
Richard Rismiller
Chris Rollston
Lucille Roussin
Karen S. Rubinson
John Russell
Jeremy B. Rutter
Richard Sarason
Bettina Schwarz-Seibert
Mark Schuler
Stephanie Selover
Sarah Stowell Shapley
China Shelton
Sara Shelton
R. Mark Shipp
Felicia Silcox
Michael Simone
Mali Annika Skotheim
Donald Charles Smith
Betty Snow
Bruno Soltic
Cale Staley
Donna Suloff
Nancy Surdoval
Theodore Swanson
Juan Manuel Tebes
Allison Karmel Thomason
Megan Thomsen
Gordon Tucker
Craig Tyson
Armando Vargas
Monique Vincent
Daniel Warner
Martha Weber
James M. Weinstein
Lynn Welton
Ronn Woolley
Jane Zimmerman
Michael S. Zimmerman[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]*Deceased[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column border_color=”rgba(170,170,170,0.01)” width=”1/6″ css=”.vc_custom_1496377378685{margin-right: 10px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;border-right-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;border-bottom-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;}”][vc_wp_posts title=”BROWSE THE NEWS ARCHIVE” number=”4″][/vc_column][vc_column border_color=”rgba(170,170,170,0.01)” width=”1/6″ css=”.vc_custom_1496375380556{margin-right: 10px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;border-right-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;border-bottom-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;}”][vc_column_text] [/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Table of Contents for NEA 82.2 (June 2019)

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ASOR BLOG

NEWS@ASOR

ANCIENT NEAR EAST TODAY

PAST ASOR NEWS, MONTH BY MONTH

FY18 HONOR ROLL OF DONORS

ASOR ANNUAL MEETING

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Table of Contents for Near Eastern Archaeology 82.2 (June 2019)

You can receive NEA (and other ASOR publications) through an ASOR Membership. Please e-mail the Membership office if you have any questions.

Pp. 67-74: “The Mainstream Media and the ‘Shocking Bad Art’ from Cyprus: 1870s New York Reacts to the Cesnola Collections,” by Ann-Marie Knoblauch

When the Metropolitan Museum of Art first opened the doors of its Fifth Avenue building on March 30, 1880, the majority of the exhibition space was occupied by Cypriot art purchased by the Met’s trustees from Luigi Palma di Cesnola in two lots, one in 1872 and another in 1876. The two collections amounted to around twenty thousand objects, all finds Cesnola had acquired while serving as US Consul on the island from 1865–1876. After the acquisition of the second collection, Cesnola left Cyprus to become the first director of the Metropolitan Museum, a position he held until his death in 1904. New Yorkers in the 1870s were most intriguing by the works of limestone sculptures from the sanctuary at Golgoi. In the 1880s these objects would become embroiled in a scandal because of the claim that Cesnola had performed intentionally misleading restorations, but before that disgrace and through much of the 1870s, New Yorkers were processing the arrival of an enormous volume of ancient Cypriot objects in a relatively short amount of time.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 75-81: “Imagining Henenu,” by Carlos Gracia Zamacona

The Middle Kingdom Theban Project, begun in 2014 under the auspices of the Freie Universität Berlin, represents the resumption of the archaeological activities in the Middle Kingdom necropolis of Deir el-Bahari and Asasif. The site had previously been excavated under the auspices of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, initiated by Herbert Eustis Winlock in 1912 with survey activities followed by excavations from 1921–1922 until 1928 (Arnold 1996: 59). Winlock’s excavations had been preceded by Howard Carter’s in 1910–1911 (Morales et al. 2016: 258). The current excavations began in 2015, and have continued annually through 2018 (Morales et al. 2016, 2017, and 2018) under the auspices of the Universidad de Alcalá (Madrid, Spain), with a fifth season scheduled for October 2019.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 82-88: “Two Punic Stelae Rediscovered in Philadelphia,” by Jean MacIntosh Turfa

In the University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia, two small, fragmentary Punic stelae were found in storage by Asian Section Keeper Stephen Lang.1 They were remnants from a large donation, made over a century ago, of part of the variegated collection of Maxwell Sommerville, perhaps best known for engraved gems of all kinds, and also much Asian material. Sommerville (1829–1904) was an affluent Philadelphia businessman who devoted his later life (and funds) to world travel and the collection of antiquities in Europe, Turkey, Syria, Egypt, and North Africa as well as China, Japan, India, Burma, and Thailand. He published memoirs of his travels and catalogues and discussions of the gems and seals. His collection, originally exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (1888–1891), was placed in the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania (1891) and remained there upon his bequest (see Berges 2002: 11–19). Although Sommerville’s memoir Sands of Sahara (1901) describes some of his North African travels, there is no reference to his acquisition of the Punic artifacts.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 90-101: “A New Jewelry Hoard from Eleventh-Century BCE Megiddo,” by Eran Arie, Elisabetta Boaretto, Mario A. S. Martin, Dvory Namdar, Orit Shamir, and Naama Yahalom-Mack

A magnificent new jewelry hoard was uncovered on July 11, 2010 in Area H of the northwestern sector of Tel Megiddo. This site in the Jezreel Valley (Israel) is one of the most important in the southern Levant thanks to four archaeological expeditions that have thoroughly excavated the mound and rapidly published the results of their digs (Ussishkin 2018). All expeditions unearthed hoards of different types from the Late Bronze and Iron Ages (Hall 2016). This new hoard was unearthed in a destruction debris, securely dated to the Early Iron Age I, ca. 1070 BCE (local Level H-11, which equals University of Chicago’s Stratum VIIA). During this period, part of a building (remnants of two rooms and an inner courtyard surrounded by three large open courtyards) was found in this area (figs. 1–2; Finkelstein et al. 2017: 267–69). The building is positioned only about 30 m from Canaanite Palace 2041 of the city of Stratum VIIA. This article offers a preliminary publication of the hoard; a full report will soon be published in the Megiddo VI volume (Arie forthcoming a).

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 102-113: “Identifying a Dionysian Community in Ashkelon’s Eastern Cemetery,” by Davida Eisenberg-Degen, Ilan Peretz, and Eriola Jakoel

Ashkelon’s Eastern Cemetery was in continuous use for more than half a millennium, from the Hellenistic through Late Byzantine periods (fig. 1). Several excavations carried out in Ashkelon’s Eastern Cemetery reveal simple hewn graves alongside burial structures (Eisenberg-Degen 2017; Peretz 2017 and references listed there). Grave goods were found in several burials dating to the Roman period. Depositing funerary offerings was a common practice in the Roman era. Roughly a third of the excavated Eastern Cemetery (fig. 2, n=24) contained grave goods (Eisenberg-Degen 2017). Taking into account that some pilfering and plundering most likely took place, this figure is consistent with percentages noted in other Roman-period burials (Findlater et al. 2013: 69–80; Winter 2015: 82–87).

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 114-123: “Joseph’s Tomb: A Model of Traditional Islamic Shrines in Palestine,” by Loay Abu Alsaud and Amer Al-Qobbaj

Joseph’s Shrine is located on the outskirts of the eastern side of the city of Nablus (fig. 1), near Tell Balatah, the site of the Canaanite City of Shechem, and 300 m northwest of Jacob’s Well (Pummer 1993: 139; Bruce 1994: 102). Joseph’s tomb has been venerated throughout the ages by Samaritans (for whom it is the second-holiest site), Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The total area of Joseph’s Shrine is 661 m² and it is located in Block 5, parcel 10, according to early Islamic Immovable Property Records from the Department of Al Awqaf Al Islamyah (Jordanian Islamic Endowments), Nablus (fig. 2). Originally situated on an agricultural plain, it is now surrounded by buildings, due to expansion of housing and schools in central Balata.

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Table of Contents for BASOR 381 (May 2019)

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Table of Contents for Bulletin of ASOR 381 (May 2019)

You can receive BASOR (and other ASOR publications) through an ASOR Membership. Please e-mail the Membership office if you have any questions.

Pp. 1–19: “The Terra-cotta Figurines from a Lamp Workshop at Khirbat Shumeila near Beit Nattif, Israel,” by Benyamin Storchan and Achim Lichtenberger

In 1934, excavations conducted at Beit Nattif, in the Judaean Shephelah region, uncovered a rich assemblage of waste from a terra-cotta lamp and figurine workshop. The items produced at the workshop, which are now known by the name of the site, are dated to around 300 c.e. and can be considered a hallmark of the regional material culture of the Late Roman period, a time of wideranging cultural influences. Recent excavations at Khirbat Shumeila, located in the immediate Beit Nattif region, have uncovered the remains of a Beit Nattif lamp workshop. The Khirbat Shumeila workshop can be dated to the late 4th century c.e. During the excavations, a number of typical Beit Nattif figurines and a figurine mold were uncovered, providing an opportunity to analyze the stylistic and morphological development of the figurines over 100 years. While the new workshop was focused primarily on lamp production, figurine production existed as a secondary industry, further implying the existence of multiple parallel workshops in the region.

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Pp. 21-40: “Correlated Change: Comparing Modifications to Ceramic Assemblages from Qizlar Qalʾeh, Iran, and Ancient Merv, Turkmenistan, during the Seleucid and Parthian Periods,” by Gabriele Puschnigg, Maria Daghmehchi, and Jebrael Nokandeh

From the Seleucid period onward, substantial transformations occurred in the ceramic assemblages from Qizlar Qalʾeh on the Gorgan Plain and ancient Merv (modern Gyaur Kala). Using quantitative and archaeometric analyses, we assess and compare modifications in vessel repertoires, production techniques, and material sources across both sites to understand the nature and chronology of these changes. Similar technological developments are observed at Qizlar Qalʾeh and Merv, and are examined with regard to a potential Hellenistic reception in the ceramic material. Variations in the chronological distribution of innovations and assemblage composition help us to elucidate the neighborhood relations between eastern Iran and western Central Asia at this time. Our comparisons point toward a common cultural environment for both sites especially during the Early Parthian period, which is demonstrated in the many analogies of manufacturing techniques and vessel shapes. At the same time, we see different continuing local traditions, highlighting the flexible mode in which ceramic repertoires are adapted to the changing requirements under Hellenistic rule.

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Pp. 41-56: “Four Judean Bullae from the 2014 Season at Tel Lachish,” by Martin G. Klingbeil, Michael G. Hasel, Yosef Garfinkel, and Néstor H. Petruk

The article presents four decorated epigraphic bullae unearthed in the Level III destruction at Lachish during the 2014 season, focusing on the epigraphic, iconographic, and historical aspects of the seal impressions.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 57-81: “Uninscribed Amethyst Scarabs from the Southern Levant,” by Arlette David

Prompted by the discovery of a schematic uninscribed amethyst scarab at Tel Abel Beth Maacah in the Upper Galilee, an overview of such scarabs found in the southern Levant is provided, with a typological analysis and a tentative dating and origin of these pieces.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 83-105: “Foreign Food Plants as Prestigious Gifts: The Archaeobotany of the Amarna Age Palace at Tel Beth-Shemesh, Israel,” Ehud Weiss, Yael Mahler-Slasky, Yoel Melamed, Zvi Lederman, Shlomo Bunimovitz, Shawn Bubel, and Dale Manor

In contrast with the relatively rich documentation from the el-Amarna archive related to the main city-states of the southern Levant in the Amarna Age (Late Bronze Age IIA; 14th century b.c.e.), archaeological data from these sites is still wanting. This unfortunate situation highlights the importance of the ca. 60,000-item plant collection from the recently exposed Late Bronze Age IIA palace at Tel Beth-Shemesh. Room L1505 in the palace—apparently a pantry due to its contents of foodstuffs and vessels for food preparation and consumption—contained eight deposits of carbonized crop plants. Deposits of almost pure grains and very low numbers of weed seeds were found, indicating that these stored food plants were ready to be used in food preparation. Of special interest is the presence of a sizeable amount of two rare pulses in Levantine archaeobotany—fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and Cyprus vetch (Lathyrus ochrus)—only found in two other Bronze Age royal contexts: Tutankhamun’s tomb in Egypt and the Late Minoan II Unexplored Mansion in Knossos. Thus, in addition to attesting to the agricultural practices and culinary preferences of a Canaanite ruling court during the Amarna Age, this botanical assemblage also hints at prestigious royal gift exchanges of exotic food plants.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 107-144: “Tel Yaqush—An Early Bronze Age Village in the Central Jordan Valley, Israel,” by Yael Rotem, Mark Iserlis, Felix Höflmayer, and Yorke M. Rowan

This article highlights the results of five excavation seasons at Tel Yaqush, Israel, conducted between the 1989 and 2000 on behalf of The Oriental Institute at The University of Chicago. Tel Yaqush was a medium-sized village, inhabited during the entire Early Bronze Age period, from the mid-4th to the mid-3rd millennia b.c.e. The excavations exposed a dense settlement begun in the Early Bronze Age (EB) I, which ended in a severe conflagration. Apparently rebuilt at the beginning of EB II, the village remained a small site and technically non-urban throughout the period. Destroyed at the end of EB II, it was renewed in EB III, coinciding with the arrival of people bearing the Khirbet Kerak Ware ceramic tradition. This preliminary report includes new observations following recent studies of Tel Yaqush finds, including a new sequence of 14C dates from EB I to III (published in detail elsewhere). The excavation results summarized here reveal the unique role Tel Yaqush played during the shift to urbanism, and its contribution to our understanding of Early Bronze Age village society in the central Jordan Valley.

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Pp. 145-162: “‘Crossing the Lines’—Elaborately Decorated Chalcolithic Basalt Bowls in the Southern Levant,” by Rivka Chasan, Edwin C. M. van den Brink, and Danny Rosenberg

The Late Chalcolithic period in the southern Levant shows a marked increase in symbolic expression. While most Late Chalcolithic basalt bowls are undecorated, notable amounts of these were adorned, and their decorations typically conform to a few canonized conventions. A small amount of the decorated Late Chalcolithic basalt bowls are further incised with unconventional, unique designs on their exteriors. These elaborately decorated basalt bowls stand in sharp contrast to the conventionally decorated ones, thus signifying their different roles. This article discusses their geographic distributions, frequencies, and characteristics, and offers further suggestions as to their position within the Late Chalcolithic symbolic and prestige item systems. The analysis reveals regional patterns—the elaborately decorated basalt bowls are constrained to south of the Yarkon River—suggesting that the function and symbolic value of these bowls were probably geographically restricted. Their limited distribution underlines the exclusivity of these elaborately decorated bowls during the Late Chalcolithic period.

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Pp. 163-191: “Canaanite Reḥob: Tel Reḥov in the Late Bronze Age,” by Amihai Mazar, Uri Davidovich, and with an Appendix by Arlette David

Tel Reḥov, identified with Reḥob, was one of the largest Canaanite cities in the southern Levant during the Late Bronze Age (15th–13th centuries b.c.e.). Unlike many other Canaanite settlements, the city was founded in the 15th century after a hiatus beginning in Early Bronze Age III. In this article, four major Late Bronze Age occupation strata are described. Notable is a monumental structure dated to the 14th century b.c.e. with unusual architectural features that could be either the residence of a high-ranking family or an administrative building. During the 13th century b.c.e., this building was replaced by a new structure containing a metalsmith’s workshop, inspired by Egyptian 19th Dynasty techniques, while later building phases belong to the final stages of the Late Bronze Age. No destruction layers were found, and the Late Bronze Age city was rebuilt and continued to thrive throughout the Iron Age I. Five Late Bronze Age plaque figurines, some of particular interest, are also described. An appendix discusses a rare funerary scarab of an Egyptian high official found in the 14th-century b.c.e. edifice.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 193-202: “Abracadabra, or ‘I Create as I Speak’: A Reanalysis of the First Verb in the Katumuwa Inscription in Light of Northwest Semitic and Hieroglyphic Luwian Parallels,” by Timothy Hogue

Previous translations of the Katumuwa Inscription have either rendered the first verbal phrase (qnt ly) “I commissioned for myself,” or “I acquired for myself.” No scholars have yet defended the possibility that it simply means “I made.” In fact, this is likely the case given the typical monumental rhetoric of Northwest Semitic and Hieroglyphic Luwian monumental inscriptions. In particular, a comparison with verbs of monumenting in Hieroglyphic Luwian inscriptions suggests that the monumenting phrase in the Katumuwa Inscription was calqued on a Luwian phrase. This difference is significant because it reveals an important aspect of the inscription’s monumentality and the Syro-Anatolian conception of the stele. The stele that Katumuwa created was not understood merely as the inscribed object. Rather, the monument was the conjunction of material object, ritual engagement, and the resultant manifestation of the monument’s commissioner. There was no monument apart from Katumuwa, whose voice was preserved in the inscription and whose presence could be reactivated through ritual. Therefore, Katumuwa did in fact “create” the stele as he spoke through it to his monument’s users.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 203-210: “An Inscribed Sherd in Aramaic Script from Barikot, Pakistan,” by Michael Zellmann-Rohrer and Luca Maria Olivieri

This article discusses a sherd inscribed with a text in Aramaic script from Barikot in Pakistan. The site, known in classical sources on Alexander the Great, has been regularly investigated over the last 40 years. In recent excavation campaigns, new evidence of the earliest phases of the city (500–50 b.c.e.) has been discovered, including the sherd treated here, among other inscribed pottery in Greek and Brāhmī.

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

Pp. 211-236: “An Eighth-Century b.c.e. Gate Shrine at Tel Lachish, Israel,” by Saar Ganor and Igor Kreimerman

Excavations conducted on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority at Tel Lachish exposed the southern half of the six-chambered gate in Level III. In the eastern chamber, a gate shrine was uncovered. The shrine was split in two: a larger northern room and a smaller southern room. The southern room, which served as the holy of holies, had a niche in its southern wall in front of which a double altar was placed. Dozens of bowls and oil lamps were revealed inside the shrine. At some point, evidently prior to the destruction of Level III by Sennacherib in 701 b.c.e., the shrine was desecrated and sealed. This act was evident in the breakage of the altar’s horns and the placement of a latrine in the holy of holies. The available data suggests that the desecration of the shrine should be associated with Hezekiah’s cultic reform (2 Kgs 18:4).

ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this article. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the above article on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.

[/vc_column_text][mk_divider][vc_column_text]ASOR Members with online access: navigate to the token link email sent to you before attempting to read this issue. Once you have activated your member token, click here to access the the entire issue, including book reviews, on The University of Chicago Press Journals’ website.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column border_color=”rgba(170,170,170,0.01)” width=”1/6″ css=”.vc_custom_1496684098866{margin-right: 5px !important;margin-bottom: 20px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;border-right-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;border-bottom-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;}”][vc_wp_posts title=”BROWSE THE NEWS ARCHIVE” number=”4″][/vc_column][vc_column border_color=”rgba(170,170,170,0.01)” width=”1/6″ css=”.vc_custom_1496684008271{margin-right: 10px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;border-right-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;border-bottom-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;}”][vc_column_text] [/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

ANE TODAY VOL VII n06 (2019)

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June 2019

Vol. 7, No. 6
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Rock Art in Central Sahara: From Analogue to Digital

By Savino di Lernia

There are hundreds of thousands of examples of rock art in the Sahara, dating from the present back to over 10,000 years ago. But with access currently difficult thanks to unrest, digital archives offer new opportunities. Read More[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_column_text]

Trees and Power in Aegean Art

By Caroline Tully

Every society has symbols of leadership, and in a surprising number of Mediterranean and Near Eastern societies these are trees. A look at tiny examples of Aegean art gives some hints why. Read More[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_column_text]

Peace in Ancient Egypt

By Vanessa Davies

Peace is a common aspiration. But what does the Egyptian version of a peace treaty with the Hittites tell us about their conception of peace? What did they really mean by “peace”? Read More[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_column_text]

Moses-Yahweh’s Idol?

By Amy L. Balogh

Prophet. Lawgiver. Deliverer. Judge. None of the terms used to describe Moses fully describe his status. But what if we look outside of the Bible for other ancient Near Eastern terms? Read More[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Digging the Iron Age at Bethsaida

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WELCOME TO THE ASOR BLOG

The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) is the preeminent society for individuals interested in the archaeology of the eastern Mediterranean and the Biblical Lands. This blog is intended to facilitate ASOR’s mission “to initiate, encourage and support research into, and public understanding of, the cultures and history of the Near East from the earliest times.”[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]

Digging the Iron Age at Bethsaida

By: Olga Goussev-Sushinsky, 2013 Heritage Fellow
[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_single_image image=”48696″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center” css=”.vc_custom_1558038202193{padding-right: 10px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]For my first archaeological dig, I decided to choose Bethsaida.  The site is located at north-east shore of the Sea of Galilee and is most known for its role in the New Testament. It is also renowned for being the capital of the Biblical kingdom Geshur.  Led by Dr. Rami Arav of the University of Nebraska, the project focuses on strata ranging from the Iron I to the Early Roman period. I learned about the Bethsaida Excavations Project during the last ASOR Annual Meeting and became immediately drawn to the idea of excavating the legendary city of Geshur.

This year, our team was working on three areas, the Iron Age area, the Greco-Roman area, and the new one, whose age is still being determined. Each volunteer was presented with a choice of a preferable area, and I chose the one dating to the Iron Age (Area A<strong> –</strong>south). The goal of our group was to expose a paved plaza floor of an Iron Age city and to find the outer defense wall.  I mostly dug the floor, while others worked in a trench area located behind the wall and on a mound next to the pavement. At some point, we came across some disturbances from modern activity. We found a few modern artifacts, including modern ware shards and a phone wire. After working through the disturbed area, our team discovered the destruction of the city gate—the infrastructure to the paved plaza—dating to the 9th century BCE. Below the pavement is located the floor of the earlier city gate dating to the 10th century BCE.

Most of the site activities involved digging, carrying heavy buckets of dirt, and desperately trying to find treasures through sifting. Being a first-time volunteer for an archaeological project, I have to admit that I had unrealistic expectations of findings. I expected to find hordes of coins, well-preserved pottery, and perhaps a scarab seal or two. Obviously, I am exaggerating. 🙂  With time, I began to realize that every single find, no matter how big or small, is incredibly exciting. Needless to say, I did end up finding some interesting artifacts.

Most of our findings consisted of mixed pottery assemblage from different ages, flint tools, and occasional bones.  The most exciting day of my stay was the day I found a piece of a shard of an elaborate Roman pot imported from Carthage. On the same day, a volunteer from an adjacent area also discovered a beautiful Phoenician bead from 2nd century BCE. I was equally excited for both of us!

Thanks to the Heritage Fellowship and to Rami Arav, the director of the dig, I had an amazing time at Bethsaida.  Not only did I gain insight into archaeology, I was also honored to meet many professionals from the field of Near Eastern Civilizations and to present a paper at one of the evening lectures held at our kibbutz.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]All content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only. The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) makes no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any information on this blog or found by following any link on this blog. ASOR will not be liable for any errors or omissions in this information. ASOR will not be liable for any losses, injuries, or damages from the display or use of this information. The opinions expressed by Bloggers and those providing comments are theirs alone, and do not reflect the opinions of ASOR or any employee thereof.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row]

The Dilemma of Denial: Scholarly Publication Policies and the Illusion of Power

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WELCOME TO THE ASOR BLOG

The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) is the preeminent society for individuals interested in the archaeology of the eastern Mediterranean and the Biblical Lands. This blog is intended to facilitate ASOR’s mission “to initiate, encourage and support research into, and public understanding of, the cultures and history of the Near East from the earliest times.”[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]

The Dilemma of Denial: Scholarly Publication Policies and the Illusion of Power

By: Jonathan Rosenbaum

President Emeritus, Gratz College

For generations, academic journals have been deemed the appropriate venue for the initial publication of ancient inscriptions and artifacts. Nevertheless, last fall, the New York Times became the source of an editio princeps when it announced the discovery of a “faded papyrus fragment” that seemed to be “first known statement from antiquity that refers to Jesus speaking of [his] wife.” The Times reporter had not gained access to the fragment through a dogged effort of investigative journalism or a lucky find on the black market. Rather, Karen L. King, a prolific scholar of early Christianity at the Harvard Divinity School (HDS), had shared the discovery in an interview with the Times, the Boston Globe, andHarvard Magazine. Prof. King provocatively described the fragment as the “Gospel of Jesus’s Wife.”

Popular media immediately presented a panoply of opinions by respected papyrologists, Coptic linguists, Christian theologians, and laypeople. The Vatican weighed in with both an editorial and an article in L’Osservatore Romano, the former declaring the papyrus a fakeand the latter by Coptic scholar, Alberto Camplani, expressing a more guarded opinion based upon the lack of provenance.

Prof. King moved forward. She continued her work with a series of specialists who undertook the examination of the fragment using techniques ranging from linguistics and paleography to chemical analysis. The circumstances of the papyrus’s discovery are unknown and the earliest academic awareness of the fragment dates to 1982. Nevertheless, on the basis of initial analyses, Prof. King preliminarily concluded that the papyrus likely dates to the fourth century and posited its initial composition in the second half of the second century.

Shortly before giving her interview, Prof. King had submitted an article on the fragment to the Harvard Theological Review (HTR) whose own reviewers provided important observations and whose editors accepted her article subject to the conclusion of various chemical analyses. In January 2013, HTR announced that the publication would be delayeduntil those tests were complete.  In the interim, Prof. King has published the draft of her article on the HDS website.

The Coptic fragment controversy stands in stark contrast to an established scholarly norm. In 1970, UNESCO adopted a convention designed to discourage illicit import, export, and transfer of ownership of cultural property including illicit or forged antiquities and items of cultural patrimony. The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) and the International Council of Museums (ICOM) adopted similar resolutions in 1973 and 1974.  Some governments and scholarly societies followed.  ASOR’s publication policy states: “ASOR members should not participate, directly or indirectly, in the buying and selling of artifacts illegally excavated or exported from the country of origin after 1970.” Further, “ASOR publications and its annual meeting will not be used for presentations of such illicit material.”

These well-intentioned policies seek to discourage looting, forgery, and financial gain from such objects by denying the prestige and concomitant rise in value that scholarly publications bestow. Scholarly societies understandably presume that their most potent deterrent is their refusal to publish inscriptions or artifacts lacking provenience (archaeological location) and provenance (chain of custody after the modern rediscovery). Using the date of UNESCO’s 1970 policy as a terminus, they exclude materials not found in situ after that date.  However, a large loophole exists in this policy. The prohibition does not apply once an unprovenanced object has been published elsewhere.  Thus, preventative measures can be circumvented simply by first publishing in a journal that does not reject unprovenanced objects.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_single_image image=”48554″ img_size=”full” add_caption=”yes” alignment=”center” css=”.vc_custom_1557170043481{padding-right: 10px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]While the intent of this policy is laudable, such a blanket procedure excludes authentic antiquities that can inform history. The Dead Sea Scrolls were first discovered by chance in 1947.  Seven of them, some complete, came into the hands of antiquities dealers who offered them to scholars. Hebrew University Professor E. L. Sukenik not only recognized their antiquity but succeeded in acquiring three of the scrolls. Subsequently, the Israeli government acquired the other four.  In the 1950s under the leadership of the Biblical scholar Father Roland DeVaux, scholars began to excavate the cave where the first scrolls were found as well as the 40 other caves near Qumran. Eleven of these caves yielded scrolls and tens of thousands of fragments were discovered. Even some of these materials were eventually made available through dealers of antiquities and had to be purchased by scholars.

Were the procedures and policies of UNESCO, ICOM, AIA, and ASOR universally in place in all scholarly journals at the time of the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, many of them would not have seen the light of academic publication due to the circumstances by which they were acquired from antiquities dealers. Not all journals follow these strictures including Israel Exploration Journal, Journal of Biblical Literature, and Biblica. These journals have carefully conceived standards, but they are not as legalistic as BASOR’s.

Like other archaeological associations, ASOR has striven to address this dilemma. Through committees and standing sessions on cultural heritage, site preservation, and the ethics of research, scholars have discussed and debated these issues. The 2013 ASOR Annual Meeting includes a session on “Ethical Case Studies for Objects of Unknown Origin.” The organizers of this session originally sought to solicit “proposals based on studies in which objects of unknown origin are essential to the success of the research.” However, due to the ASOR Policy on the Preservation and Protection of Archaeological Resources, the organizers agreed to omit a direct call to concentrate on such objects.

Clearly, the issue has reached a tipping point. Denial of publication lacks efficacy. Scholars like Prof. King are bringing potentially important finds into the scholarly arena, undeterred by such protocols. Prof. King is no rebel. As Hollis Professor of Divinity, she is the occupant of the oldest endowed chair in the United States.

The Coptic papyrus she studies illustrates key problems:

  • The Forgery Conundrum. Though the exhaustive analyses of the fragment suggests that the Coptic papyrus is not a forgery, the meticulous examinations that Prof. King and her colleagues have undertaken acknowledge the sophistication that contemporary forgers have reached and the concomitant need to use all available science to confirm or eliminate the possibility of a counterfeit.
  • The Unintended Consequences of Publication. Scholarly publication can enhance the value of illicit finds and thus encourage looting and forging.
  • The Dilemma of Denial. By refusing publication to artifacts lacking provenance, potentially revolutionary finds are denied the rigorous trial that scholarly debate provides. Historians are thus deprived of the opportunity to incorporate such finds, if deemed authentic by scholarly consensus, into the historical record.

Changes in the policy of non-publication of artifacts without provenience or provenance must come, but with conditions. In particular, those who seek publication must register the artifacts in an accessible database. Data on each artifact placed in the database would minimally include:

  1. all available information concerning the provenance of the item including transcriptions of remarks by finders, owners, sellers, and dealers as well as scholars who have previously examined the artifact;
  2. photographs of each artifact or epigraph according to established technical specifications;
  3. a precise description and preliminary dating of the artifact according to established typologies and methods; and
  4. permission to conduct laboratory analyses designed to root out forgery

Such a quid pro quo would facilitate research, encourage scholarly debate, and hopefully begin the process of eliminating the scourge of forged inscriptions that threatens to undermine history itself.

Strengthening the power of scholarly publication is but a first step. A more comprehensive solution to these vexing issues is critical. Without effective action, the world’s heritage will fall prey to cultural poachers and the primary witnesses of the past will continue to disappear with every passing day.

Jonathan Rosenbaum is a visiting scholar at the University of Pennsylvania and president emeritus of Gratz College. He taught previously at the University of Hartford and the University of Nebraska at Omaha.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]All content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only. The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) makes no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any information on this blog or found by following any link on this blog. ASOR will not be liable for any errors or omissions in this information. ASOR will not be liable for any losses, injuries, or damages from the display or use of this information. The opinions expressed by Bloggers and those providing comments are theirs alone, and do not reflect the opinions of ASOR or any employee thereof.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row]

That’s a Wrap

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WELCOME TO THE ASOR BLOG

The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) is the preeminent society for individuals interested in the archaeology of the eastern Mediterranean and the Biblical Lands. This blog is intended to facilitate ASOR’s mission “to initiate, encourage and support research into, and public understanding of, the cultures and history of the Near East from the earliest times.”[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]

That’s a Wrap

This month we focused on archaeology in the Digital Age, featuring seven posts on new issues arising in the field such as open access in academic publishing and incorporating new technology into fieldwork and research. Check out the articles below and let us know what you think in the comments. Have you tried going paperless in the field? Where do you stand on the open access debate? Are there any new innovations we missed that you think we should know about?

Turning Dirt into Pixels by Colleen Morgan

Legacy Excavations and Linked Open Data: A Virtual Vision of Sir Leonard Woolley’s Ur by W.B. Hafford

Living in the Golden Age of Open Access Archaeology by Mitch Allen

Augmented Reality, a New Horizon in Archaeology by Stuart Eve

The Virtual World Project: Touring the Ancient World by Ronald Simkins and Nicolae Roddy

iPads in the Field and Reflections on Archaeology’s Digital Future by William Caraher

Sustainability at Any Price is Not Sustainable: Open Access and Archaeology by Eric Kansa[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]All content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only. The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) makes no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any information on this blog or found by following any link on this blog. ASOR will not be liable for any errors or omissions in this information. ASOR will not be liable for any losses, injuries, or damages from the display or use of this information. The opinions expressed by Bloggers and those providing comments are theirs alone, and do not reflect the opinions of ASOR or any employee thereof.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Archaeology Weekly Roundup! 9-20-13

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WELCOME TO THE ASOR BLOG

The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) is the preeminent society for individuals interested in the archaeology of the eastern Mediterranean and the Biblical Lands. This blog is intended to facilitate ASOR’s mission “to initiate, encourage and support research into, and public understanding of, the cultures and history of the Near East from the earliest times.”[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]

Archaeology Weekly Roundup! 9-20-13

If you missed anything from the ASOR facebook or twitter pages this week, don’t worry. We’ve rounded up some of this week’s archaeology news into one convenient post. If we missed any major archaeological stories from this week, feel free to let us know in the comment section!

Significance of Megalithic Monuments in Atlantic Europe?

An archaeologists analysis on how the construction of megalithic monuments in Atlantic Europe are not restricted to a single purpose, nor how they reflect one aspect of the community that built them…

Friends of ASOR launched it’s new YouTube series “Ask An Archaeologist.” Real people submit their questions about archaeology and we have experienced archaeologists answer.

History fans get chance to handle Richard III treasures

The Yorkshire Museum is hosting a special after-hours event this month that will give history fans a chance to interact and “handle” King Richard III’s treasures.

Teenagers find human remains of an African woman who died more than 1,000 years ago

Teens playing in the river find human remains. Turns out to be the remains of a 1,000-year-old sub-Saharan African woman.

Biblical-Era Town Discovered Along Sea of Galilee

Biblical-era town of Dalmanutha (also spelled Dalmanoutha) may have been discovered on the northwest coast of the Sea of Galilee, in Israel’s Ginosar valley.

Archaeologists discover remains of ancient church in York city centre[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_single_image image=”47972″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center” css=”.vc_custom_1556808481335{padding-right: 10px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Underwater survey in TN to verify Ptolemy’s account

Iron age relics found in Middleton primary school dig

Students from Primary School have been actively taking part in an excavation at their school. Iron Age relics have been found at the site.

Peru: pyramid bulldozed by developers

Remains of a pre-Inca pyramid destroyed by heavy machinery in Peru.

Behold! Jerusalem dig turns up priestly bathtub from Jesus’ time

First-century mansion discovered in Jerusalem. Some say might have belonged to one of the priests who condemned Jesus to death.

Polish archaeologists discovered a Roman garrison commander’s house in the Crimea

Archaeologists find house of Roman garrison commander.

TrowelBlazers: In search of the female Indiana Jones

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]All content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only. The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) makes no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any information on this blog or found by following any link on this blog. ASOR will not be liable for any errors or omissions in this information. ASOR will not be liable for any losses, injuries, or damages from the display or use of this information. The opinions expressed by Bloggers and those providing comments are theirs alone, and do not reflect the opinions of ASOR or any employee thereof.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row]

ANE TODAY VOL VII n05 (2019)

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May 2019

Vol. 7, No. 5
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How Two Historians Reconstruct the Lives of Ancient Children

By Kristine Henriksen Garroway and Shawn W. Flynn

Children often seem missing from accounts of the past, including ancient Israel. Two new books describe ways to put children back in the picture and to understand their many meanings. Read More[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_column_text]

Arabic Medieval Cookbooks in English Translation: Treasure Troves for Near Eastern Material Culture

By Nawal Nasrallah

Medieval cookbooks present hundreds of recipes, including a surprising number for sparrow. But they tell us much more than about food; they provide a picture of life and manners. Read More[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_column_text]

Who Are the “Best-Connected” Members of the ASOR Community?

By Steven Edwards

The annual ASOR meeting is a really big show, with hundreds of participants. But an analysis shows that those many hundreds of participants are linked in unusual ways. Read More[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_column_text]

Jesus in Non-Christian Sources

By Lester L. Grabbe

Jesus is a ubiquitous figure but our textual perspectives are obviously skewed. What do non-Christian sources say about Jesus, his life and death? Read More[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_column_text]

Peqi‘in Cave— A unique Chalcolithic cemetery in the Southern Levant

By Dina Shalem

Over the course of 500 years people brought their dead to a cave in the Galilee. But behind the decorated faces on the ossuaries are there deeper secrets about the identity of the dead and even their origins? Read More [/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row]

The Archaeology of Conflict and Remembrance at Gallipoli

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WELCOME TO THE ASOR BLOG

The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) is the preeminent society for individuals interested in the archaeology of the eastern Mediterranean and the Biblical Lands. This blog is intended to facilitate ASOR’s mission “to initiate, encourage and support research into, and public understanding of, the cultures and history of the Near East from the earliest times.”[/vc_column_text][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]

Organic Residue Analysis: Views from the Field

By: Zuzana Chovanec, Susanne Grieve, Laura Mazow

Organic Residue Analysis (ORA) from archaeological materials offers exciting prospects for researchers into how objects have been used by past cultures. While ORA is not a new presence in archaeology, developing technologies have made instrumentation more accessible and new collaborations between archaeologists, analytical chemists, and even conservators demonstrates the interdisciplinary nature of the subject. Those who are involved in ORA generally come from one of the following perspectives:

  • Chemist who is working with archaeologists
  • Archaeologist who is working with chemist
  • Archaeologist who trained to be an analytical chemist

In any collaborative research environment, each specialist brings a strength to the topic, but ORA raises the issue of what depth of understanding each specialist should have in the other’s field in order to facilitate effective communication of the research questions and priorities.  In order to better understand these perspectives, the authors each compiled some thoughts on their perspectives from their respective fields:

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What is important for archaeologists to know when they think ORA can benefit their research question?

(Chovanec) Archaeologists tend to be a progressive group, always looking for innovative approaches that can better inform and interpret their datasets. The explanatory potential of organic residue analysis can generate enthusiasm because it opens inquiry to a series of questions that may be minimally approachable using traditional archaeological methods. Archaeologists interested in incorporating ORA into their research programs should familiarize themselves with both the possibilities and limitations and have a basic understanding of the costs and timelines involved.

When trying to establish a collaborative research program between archaeologists and chemists, an effective approach is to develop research questions that interest and benefit both parties. For instance, chemists whose research involves the development of new analytical techniques may be interested in demonstrating the broad applications of the method and working with archaeological materials can be fruitful in this respect. However, archaeological research may constitute a side or low-priority project for the analytical chemists involved, which limits the amount of time that they are willing or able to commit. For this reason, it is advisable to have individuals on the archaeological research team that have had or will receive training in ORA analytical techniques and data analysis.

How do conservation processes interfere with ORA?

(Grieve) While conservators try to minimize the negative effects of cleaning processes and chemicals on archaeological materials, it can sometimes be necessary to restore artifacts for interpretation. Historically, these included acid baths to remove encrustations and irreversible adhesives to ensure strong joins. Some excavation sites include conservators on their teams and decisions about how treatments will interact with future analysis can be discussed on site. In cases where ORA has not been identified as a priority, the restoration may have already been completed (such as with artifacts on display in museums). While we are still trying to understand the impact of conservation materials and techniques on analytical processes, conservators should clearly document all of the chemicals and materials that are being used so that these can be tested in conjunction with organic residues for identification purposes.

What should analytical chemists appreciate most about the archaeological environment?

(Mazow) Archaeologists are used to working in unpredictable environments that seem the antithesis of the analytical chemists controlled laboratory. The flexibility that fieldwork requires adds another level of complication to the already large communication gap between the disciplines. Terms like “sample,” “(non-) destructive” and even “clean” all have different meanings in these diverse settings.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_single_image image=”47613″ img_size=”full” add_caption=”yes” alignment=”center” css=”.vc_custom_1556231045816{padding-right: 10px !important;}”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Furthermore, the unknown and uncontrollable work environments that the archaeologist encounters when collecting potential residues multiply the contamination factors already introduced by the hundreds, if not thousands, of years since the sampled artifact was last in use—which is usually the object of the archaeologist’s research. Fortunately ORA is just one potential source of data that the archaeologist gathers when making an interpretation. It is usually as a result of questions raised by the archaeological context that the possibility of ORA data is even raised. ORA results, like artifacts or texts, do not stand as facts on their own but must be interpreted. A positive ORA result could be the smoking gun, but it is just one piece of evidence and must be placed within its archaeological context for it to have interpretive value. It may be because of this holistic approach that the degree of precision typically required in analytical chemistry is less decisive in archaeological inquiries. This is not to say that a high degree of precision is not beneficial, but in a highly degraded, highly contaminated ancient residue, it is also not expected. Nor is it the only piece of evidence on which the archaeological study is relying.

On Saturday, November 23rd at 8:20am during the 2013 ASOR annual meeting, an organic residue analysis workshop will be presented that will feature speakers who utilize ORA processes in their research. Dr. Zuzana Chovanec and Dr. Laura Mazow will review the variety of ORA techniques that are applied to archaeological materials with reference to a specific case study. Dr. Brendan Foley will discuss his work with DNA analysis on amphora from a marine environment. Dr. Eleanora Reber will describe the nature of ORA as it pertains to an understanding of the burial environment and excavation and promote the value of context and chemistry. Dr. Laura Mazow will demonstrate the relationships between archaeologists and analytical scientists utilizing a case study of ancient ‘bathtubs’ and Diane Allen will provide information on InfraRed and Raman spectroscopy technologies from an instrument representative’s perspective.

In conjunction with the workshop, several outreach platforms has been established to encourage discussion and promote ORA related topics:

Blog: http://organicresidueanalysis.wordpress.com

Twitter: #archORA

If you are a researcher who uses organic residue analysis in your project, we want to hear from you! Come to the 2013 ASOR workshop or reach out through the blog site!

Author Bios:

Zuzana Chovanec recently received her doctorate in Anthropology from the University at Albany. Her research centers on prehistoric Cyprus, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), and the use of psychoactive substances, perfumes, and medicines in the Mediterranean.

Susanne Grieve is the Director of Conservation at East Carolina University in the Department of History. She has a masters degree in conservation from the University College London and is an objects conservator who has worked in Cyprus, Israel, Haiti, Peru, South Africa, Namibia and Antarctica on the preservation of historical and archaeological materials.

Laura Mazow is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Anthropology at East Carolina University. Her research interests are investigating the function of Bronze and Iron Age bathtub installations, and reconstructing ancient textile technologies and related cross-craft interactions.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][mk_divider thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]All content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only. The American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) makes no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any information on this blog or found by following any link on this blog. ASOR will not be liable for any errors or omissions in this information. ASOR will not be liable for any losses, injuries, or damages from the display or use of this information. The opinions expressed by Bloggers and those providing comments are theirs alone, and do not reflect the opinions of ASOR or any employee thereof.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row]