DATA PROTECTION & PRIVACY

DATA PROTECTION & PRIVACY POLICY

The American Society of Overseas Research (ASOR) is serious about protecting the information that is collected from ASOR members, donors, meeting attendees, authors, and others who interact with ASOR via our website, Online Store, Abstract Management System, Mobile App, and Social Media sites. ASOR’s Privacy Policy explains why information is collected, how it is used, how long it is stored, and includes information on how you can change or delete the information that is retained by ASOR. You always have the option to opt-out of receiving communications from ASOR at any time by contacting ASOR’s Data Protection Officer at data-protection-officer@asor.org. We are committed to implementing our Privacy Policy in conjunction with the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and require that the processors we partner with are GDPR compliant.


ASOR Privacy Policy


Contact Us

ASOR’s Data Protection Officer will respond to all inquires regarding our privacy policy and GDPR compliance.  You can send an “opt-out” request to the Data Protection Office if you would like to be deleted from ASOR’s records.  Please note that this will end all communication from ASOR, including Annual Meeting updates, event reminders, scholarship and award notices, and other reminders.

E-mail ASOR’s Data Protection Officer at: data-protection-officer@asor.org

American Society of Overseas Research
209 Commerce St.
Alexandria, VA 22314
E-mail: info@asor.org
Telephone: 703-789-9229

2017 EXHIBITORS & SPONSORS

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2017 SPONSORS

PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS | PLATINUM SPONSOR
Contact: Patrick Alexander
920 N. University Drive, USB 1, Suite C
University Park, PA 16802
Tel: 1-814-865-1327
E-mail: pha3@psu.edu

Penn State University Press publishes scholarly works of exceptional quality in the humanities and social sciences. We’re pleased to announce that Eisenbrauns is now an imprint of our award-winning publication program. Visit us in the exhibit hall at the 2017 ASOR meeting or at PSUPress.org for more information.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS | JOURNALS- SILVER SPONSOR
1427 East 60th Street
Chicago, IL 60637
E-mail: mar@uchicago.edu
P: (773) 702-8185 | F: (773) 834-3480
www.journals.uchicago.edu

The University of Chicago Press publishes more than 70 journals in print and electronic editions, presenting original research from international scholars. View our newly acquired journal, Res: Anthropology and aesthetics, and sample issues of the Journal of Near Eastern Studies, which covers Assyriology, Egyptology, Hittitology, Hebrew Bible, with an emphasis in early, medieval, and early-modern Islamic studies.

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2017 EXHIBITORS

ACCORDANCE BIBLE SOFTWARE
Jackie Bolton
Marketing Assistant
Altamonte Springs, FL
Tel: (407) 339-6051
E-mail: jackie@accordancebible.com

Accordance Bible Software for Windows, Mac, and iPhone/iPad provides powerful searches of a wide range of Biblical and related original language texts. Available additional resources include Archaeological journals, descriptions and photos of ancient sites, and scholarly works covering a range of ANE studies. Ideal for research and for teaching, Accordance is fast and easy to use, and offers discounted programs for academic institutions.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]ANDREWS UNIVERSITY PRESS 
Sam Neri, Customer Service
Sutherland House
Berrien Springs, MI 49104-1700
Tel: 269-471-6134;
E-mail: aupo@andrews.edu
www.universitypress.andrews.edu

The primary mission of Andrews Press is to publish books, journals and papers that make a scholarly and/or professional contribution to their respective fields and are in harmony with the mission of Andrews University. Publication emphases include such areas as archaeology, biblical studies, religion, education, and science.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]ARCHAEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF AMERICA 
Laurel Sparks
44 Beacon St.
Boston, MA 02108
Tel: 857-305-9360
E-mail: Lsparks@archaeological.org
www.archaeological.org

The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) promotes archaeological inquiry and public understanding of the material record of the human past to foster an appreciation of diverse cultures and our shared humanity. The AIA supports archaeologists, their research and its dissemination, and the ethical practice of archaeology. The AIA educates people of all ages about the significance of archaeological discovery and advocates the preservation of the world’s archaeological heritage.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]BAKER ACADEMIC & BRAZOS PRESS
Contact: Steve Ayers
6030 E Fulton
Ada, MI 49301
Tel: 616-676-9185
E-mail: sayers@bakerpublishinggroup.com

At Baker Academic we count it a privilege to partner with authors who make vital contributions to conversations of consequence within the academic community. Our books serve the academy and the church, draw from a broad range of scholarship, and are published according to the highest standards.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]BASILEIA BOOKS
Contact: Jeffrey Paul Orrell
373 Salem Street
Andover, Massachusetts  01810
Tel: 978-475-7928
https://basileiabooks.wordpress.com

Basileia Books features rare, out-of-print, and recent books in religion and the humanities. The collection highlights Christianity and Judaism, incorporates Islam, and spans the arts and sciences. Our 2017 ASOR Exhibit showcases Ancient Egypt, the Holy Land, and Imperial Rome. Immerse yourself in Classical, Biblical, Byzantine, Medieval, and Antiquarian treasures.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]BRILL
Contact: Katelyn Chin
2 Liberty Square, 11th Floor
Boston, MA 02109
Tel: 617-263-2323
E-mail: chin@brill.com

Founded in 1683, Brill is a leading international academic publisher in the ancient Near East and Egypt; Middle East and Islamic Studies; Asian Studies; Classical Studies; History; Biblical and Religious Studies; and Language & Linguistics. Brill is also a major provider of primary source materials online and on microform through its imprint IDC.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Contact: Kamini Ramphal, Sr. Events Associate
1 Liberty Plaza
New York, NY 10006
Tel: 212 337 5000
E-mail: kramphal@cambridge.org

Cambridge’s publishing in books and journals combines state-of-the-art content with the highest standards of scholarship, writing, and production. Visit our stand to browse new titles, available at a 20% discount, and to pick up sample issues of our journals. Visit our website to see everything we do: www.cambridge.org/us/academic.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]CASEMATE ACADEMIC
Michaela Goff
1950 Lawrence Rd.
Havertown PA 19083
United States
Tel: (610) 853-9131
E-mail: michaela.goff@casematepublishers.com

Casemate Academic (formerly the David Brown Book Company) is a leading distributor of academic archaeological publications. We represent publishers including Oxbow Books, the British Museum Press, the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago, and Archaeopress Archaeology. Visit www.casemateacademic.com for a full list of our distributed titles.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]CORNUCOPIA BOOKS
John Scott, Editor
P.O. Box 13311
Hawick TD9 7YF
Scotland, UK
Tel: +44 1450 379933
E-mail: editor@cornucopia.net
www.cornucopia.net

Launched in 1992, Cornucopia, the biannual magazine on Turkey and Turkish culture combines the inspirational with the practical, historic treasures with up-to-the-minute comment. The Cornucopia Books imprint includes works on John Henry Haynes, father of American archaeological photography, and Ziyaret Tepe: Exploring the Anatolian frontier of the Assyrian Empire.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]COTSEN INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY PRESS
Contact: Randi Danforth, Publications Director
308 Charles E. Young Drive North, Fowler A163
Los Angeles, CA 90095
Tel: 310-206-9384
E-mail: cioapress@ioa.ucla.edu
www.ioa.ucla.edu

The Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA is a premier research organization dedicated to the creation, dissemination, and conservation of archaeological knowledge and heritage. CIOA is also home to the Interdepartmental Archaeology Program, the UCLA/Getty Program in Archaeological and Ethnographic Conservation, and the Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]DE GRUYTER
Dr. Albrecht Döhnert
Genthiner Str. 13
10785 Berlin
Tel.
+49 30 26 005 195
E-mail:
Albrecht.doehnert@degruyter.com

As an independent academic publisher, De Gruyter can look back at a company history of over 260 years. Today, we publish more than 1,300 titles each year, available in print and as e-books, more than 700 journals, and a variety of digital products. See us at the bookstand or visit our website, www.deguyter.com.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]HENDRICKSON PUBLISHERS
Bobby Koduvalil
140 Summit Street
Peabody, MA 01961
Tel. 800-358-3111
E-mail:  bkoduvalil@hendrickson.com

Hendrickson Publishers has a strong history of producing outstanding books for the religious studies academic community.  We publish works on the Hebrew Bible, ancient Near Eastern studies and archaeology, New Testament and Greek language, theology, and religion. Hendrickson is also delighted to be partnering with the German Bible Society and Carta Jerusalem.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]INSTITUTE FOR EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN ARCHAEOLOGY
Tamara M. Dixon
Tel: 716-645-3960
E-mail: tmdixon2@buffalo.edu
www.buffalo.edu/cas/anthropology

The Institute for European and Mediterranean Archaeology (IEMA) is a premier research center at the University of Buffalo with interdisciplinary faculty drawn from Anthropology, Classics, Art History and Biological Sciences. IEMA offers interdisciplinary master’s programs, fieldwork opportunities in Europe, scholarships, laboratories, and publications with SUNY Press.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]THE INSTITUTE FOR FIELD RESEARCH
Dan Zborover
2999 Overland Ave. #103
Los Angeles CA
Tel: 877 839-4374
E-mail: info@ifrglobal.org
ifrglobal.org

The IFR is dedicated to supporting excellence in archaeological research through field schools. With over 40 programs across the world, we use economies of scale to ensure field schools are accessible & affordable. Each field school is peer-reviewed annually by our Academic Board and students earn 12 UCLA credit units.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]ISD
Ian Stevens
70 Enterprise Dr., Suite 2
Bristol, CT 06010
Tel. 860-584-6546
E-mail: ian@isdistribution.com

ISD is a full-service book distribution company focusing exclusively on scholarly and specialist books in the Humanities. We represent some of the world’s finest publishing houses—including Acumen Publishing, Brepols Publishers, Equinox Publishing, Harrassowitz Verlag, Peeters Publishers, and many more—and are located in Bristol, CT. Visit www.isdistribution.com to see our full range of distributed publications.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]LEARNING SITES, INC.
Donald H. Sanders, President
151 Bridges Road
Williamstown, MA 01267
E-mail: dsanders@learningsites.com
Tel: 413-458-2828
http://www.learningsites.com

Learning Sites creates educational and research visualizations using interactive 3D digital models based on actual archaeological evidence and reconstructed to the highest standards of scholarship. Our award-winning company pioneered the discipline of virtual heritage, integrating archaeological and historical data with advanced computer graphics for teaching, hypothesis testing, and the preservation of cultural heritage information.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 
www.oup.com/us

Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, including an extensive collection of titles in Classical Studies, Ancient History, and Archaeology. Stop by our table to save 30% on a number of our latest titles or visit our website at www.oup.com/us for more selections.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]PROJECT 314 / PROJECT BETZALEL
Andrew Hoy, Project Director
P.O Box 1314
Grafton, WI  53024
Tel: (314) 628 – 0159
E-mail: betzalel@project314.org
Web: http://project314.org

Project 314 is dedicated to Exodus Tabernacle research and education.  Uniquely applying engineering analysis to ancient Biblical Hebrew accounts, results of Project 314 Tabernacle research extend well into fields of archaeology, anthropology, astronomy, ancient architecture, cosmology, etymology, religious history, and temple studies.  See website for more information.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]ROUTLEDGE PUBLISHING
Part of the Taylor & Francis Publishing Group
Rachel Young
Taylor & Francis
2-4 Park Square
Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxford, UK OX14 4RN
E-mail: Rachel.Young@tandf.co.uk
http://www.tandfonline.com

Routledge partners with researchers, scholarly societies, universities and libraries worldwide to bring knowledge to life.  As one of the world’s leading publishers of scholarly journals, books, ebooks and reference works our content spans all areas of Humanities, Social Sciences, Behavioural Sciences, Science, and Technology and Medicine. From our network of offices in Oxford, New York, Philadelphia, Boca Raton, Boston, Melbourne, Singapore, Beijing, Tokyo, Stockholm, New Delhi and Johannesburg, Routledge staff provide local expertise and support to our editors, societies and authors and tailored, efficient customer service to our library colleagues.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]SOCIETY FOR BIBLICAL LITERATURE
Kathie Klein
Marketing Manager, SBL Press
Society of Biblical Literature
825 Houston Mill Road, Suite 350
Atlanta, GA USA 30329-4217
Tel: 1-404-727-2325
http://www.sbl-site.org

SBL Press publishes essential research in biblical studies for scholars and students. Cutting edge reference works, textbooks, monographs, anthologies, and translations cover everything from ancient Near Eastern  and Greco-Roman texts to ancient and contemporary methods and interpretations. SBL Press is the publishing arm of the Society of Biblical Literature, the flagship organization for biblical studies.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]UNIVERSITY PRESS OF COLORADO
Contact: Beth Svinarich, Sales and Marketing Manager
5589 Arapahoe Ave., Ste 206C
Boulder, CO 80303
Tel: 720-406-8849 x803
E-mail: beth@upcolorado.com
http://www.upcolorado.com

The University Press of Colorado publishes books in Mesoamerican, Latin American, North American and Southwestern anthropology and archaeology, and is currently expanding this list into Near Eastern archaeology.[/vc_column_text][mk_divider divider_color=”#d8d8d8″ thickness=”1″ margin_top=”10″ margin_bottom=”10″][vc_column_text]WM. B. EERDMANS PUBLISHING COMPANY
Joel Lawrence, Field Sales Manager
2140 Oak Industrial Drive NE
Grand Rapids, MI 49505
Tel: 1-800-253-7521, x514
E-mail: JLawrence@eerdmans.com

Eerdmans Publishing Company, founded in 1911 and still independently owned, is based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. It has long been known for publishing a wide range of religious books, from academic works in theology, biblical studies, religious history, and reference to popular titles in spirituality, social and cultural criticism, and literature. For more information visit us online at www.eerdmans.com.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column border_color=”rgba(170,170,170,0.01)” width=”1/6″ css=”.vc_custom_1490571214409{margin-right: 10px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;border-right-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;border-bottom-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;}”][vc_wp_posts title=”BROWSE THE NEWS ARCHIVE” number=”4″][/vc_column][vc_column border_color=”rgba(170,170,170,0.01)” width=”1/6″ css=”.vc_custom_1490225688999{margin-right: 10px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-right: 30px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;border-right-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;border-bottom-color: rgba(227,228,228,0.75) !important;}”][vc_column_text] [/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]

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ANE TODAY VOL VI n05 (2018)

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May 2018

Vol. 6, No. 5

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The Story of Hebrew

By Lewis Glinert

Is Hebrew an ancient language or a modern language? A sacred, literary, or vernacular language? The story of Hebrew’s survival, adaptations and revivals, shows that it is all these and more.

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The Levantine Ceramics Project

By Andrea M. Berlin

Pottery is the most common find on archaeological excavations in the Eastern Mediterranean. But studying pottery is increasingly difficult for specialists and non-specialists alike. A new crowd-sourced website is beginning to remedy the problem.

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Marduk, the Scribes, and the Problem of the Neo-Assyrian King

By Jennifer Finn

All kings depicted themselves as being wise, fair and just. Most weren’t, but in Mesopotamia, discontent with kings is hard to find. But Neo-Assyrian scribes unhappy with the treatment of Babylonia found subtle ways to express their criticism.

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Alchemy Between the Two Rivers?

By Maddalena Rumor

“Alchemy” makes us think of secret experiments with metals and stones heated in ovens, cauldrons and glimmering flasks. Its Mesopotamian origins were more prosaic; dyeing precious metals, stones and wool, but was this also the origin of chemistry?

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Three Israelite Psalms in an Ancient Egyptian Papyrus

By Karel van der Toorn

It is one of the most spectacular discoveries in ancient Near Eastern studies of recent years – an Egyptian papyrus from the mid-fourth century BCE containing three psalms that originated in the Kingdom of Israel before the fall of Samaria (722 BCE).

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TRUSTEE PLEDGE

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ASOR’S MISSION AND TRUSTEE PLEDGE

MISSION

ASOR, founded in 1900, is an international organization whose mission is to initiate, encourage, and support research into, and public understanding of, the history and cultures of the Near East and wider Mediterranean, from the earliest times, by:

Fostering original research, exploration, and archaeological fieldwork;

Encouraging scholarship in the region’s languages, texts, traditions, and histories;

Disseminating research results and conclusions in a timely manner, through a robust publication program, annual meeting, and other venues;

Adhering to the highest ethical standards of scholarship and public discourse;

Upholding the highest academic standards in interdisciplinary research and teaching;

Promoting educational opportunities for undergraduates and graduates in institutions of higher education around the world;

Developing engaging programs of outreach for the general public; and

Supporting and participating in efforts to protect, preserve, and present to the public the historic and cultural heritage of the Near East and the wider Mediterranean and to raise awareness of its degradation.

TRUSTEE PLEDGE

I, (please print) agree to the following during my tenure on the ASOR Board of Trustees:

Affirmation of ASOR Mission
I affirm and support the Mission of the American Schools of Oriental Research.

ASOR Advocate
I will strive to be a passionate advocate and vigorous spokesperson for ASOR’s Mission, programs, work, governance, and members, and for the organization itself.

Understanding of the Organization
Concurrent with beginning my tenure on the Board, I will study the ASOR website and all other materials provided to me, including the ASOR Bylaws and Policies, to gain a thorough understanding of the organization, its Mission, its operations, and its governance. During my time on the Board, I will stay current in my understanding of ASOR’s work and the issues facing the organization.

Attendance at Board of Trustee Meetings
I will strive to attend and actively participate in all regularly scheduled Board meetings except in the case of a family or business emergency. I further agree to prepare for all Board meetings by reviewing the Committee reports and other materials posted on the ASOR website in advance of the Board meetings. I also agree that I will cast my votes in a manner reflecting the best interests of the organization.

Role as a Board Member
I understand my role as a Board member is to set organizational policy and hold ASOR’s Officers and Executive Director accountable to such policy in accordance with the ASOR Bylaws and Policies. As a representative of ASOR and the Board, I will strive to conduct myself in an appropriate and professional manner and work actively to complete any tasks assigned to me. I also will work to identify and nominate viable Trustee candidates, Officer candidates, and standing and ad hoc committee members. I further agree to refrain from contacting ASOR staff with requests or matters of concern that might interfere with their work and tasks as assigned by the Executive Director.

Committee Participation
I will be an active member of any ASOR standing, ad hoc, or unofficial working committee to which I am elected or appointed or for which I volunteer.

Confidentiality
I will keep Board matters confidential, and not discuss them with non- Board members.

Legal and Ethical Obligations
I will abide by the ASOR Articles of Incorporation (link), ASOR Bylaws (link), ASOR Policies and procedures (both formal and informal; link), and all applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations governing the organization.

Financial Commitment/Fundraising
I will make annual financial contributions to ASOR. I understand that ASOR Individually-elected and Institutionally-elected Trustees strive to contribute at least $500 per fiscal year, and ASOR Board-elected Trustees strive to contribute $5,000 or more per fiscal year. I further agree to solicit others to join ASOR and/or make financial contributions to the organization.

Conflict of Interest
I will abide by the ASOR Conflict of Interest Policy (link), and file the annual disclosure form (link) on a timely basis so ASOR’s Officers and Executive Director will be aware of any potential conflicts of interest.

Notification and Response (on-going)
I agree to accept notices and other Board materials via email or through the ASOR website. I also agree to meet electronically or over the Internet should such be required. I understand that it is my responsibility to stay in touch with ASOR’s Officers, Executive Director, and other Board members. If ASOR’s Officers, Executive Director, or another Board member contacts me, I will strive to respond in a timely and professional manner.

 

UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED:

Signature:______________________________________________

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GIFT ACCEPTANCE POLICY

GIFT ACCEPTANCE POLICY

I. Introduction and Purposes of the Policy

1.1. The Board of Trustees of the American Society of Overseas Research (ASOR) recognizes that from time to time, ASOR solicits and receives gifts of money and other property. Stewardship of ASOR resources, including the solicitation, evaluation, acceptance, and management of gifts made to the organization, is essential. ASOR Trustees have a fiduciary duty to carefully evaluate gift solicitation programs and prospective gifts to insure the financial stability of the organization in a manner that is consistent with, and supports, ASOR’s Bylaws, Policies, Policy on Professional Conduct, Mission, Programs, and Strategic Plan.

1.2. This Gift Acceptance Policy (Policy) governs the evaluation, acceptance, and management of gifts made to ASOR. It addresses outright gifts and planned gifts. ASOR may accept gifts only as authorized by this Policy. This Policy is undergirded by the Donor Bill of Rights (Appendix A), which is incorporated, by reference.

1.3. The purposes of this Policy, therefore, are to (a) provide guidelines for soliciting, evaluating, accepting, and managing gifts in a manner that is consistent with, and supports, ASOR’s Bylaws, Policies (including, inter alia, the Investment and Spending Policies and the Conflict of Interest Policy), Policy on Professional Conduct, Mission, Programs, and Strategic Plan, (b) provide guidance to prospective donors and their advisors when making gifts to ASOR, (c) ensure that tax-deductible gifts are received in a manner consistent with the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) and so do not jeopardize ASOR’s tax-exempt status, (d) eliminate or, at the very least, minimize the incurrence of liabilities (including tax liability) in connection with, or as a result of, accepting a gift, and (e) provide guidelines for limiting or declining the acceptance of gifts that are difficult to administer, or not in the best interests of the organization.

II. Overarching Principles

2.1. The Executive Director and his or her designees are authorized to negotiate gift agreements with prospective donors subject to review and approval by the Finance Committee and Executive Committee.

2.2. ASOR’s policy is to inform, serve, guide, or otherwise assist donors who wish to support ASOR activities, but never, under any circumstances, pressure or unduly persuade prospective or current donors. ASOR will always seek to serve its donors’ charitable giving needs and objectives by encouraging contributions and volunteerism and properly recognizing its donors’ material and personal contributions.

2.3. ASOR will maintain the highest level of integrity with its donors, always acting in the best interest of philanthropy and scrupulously attempting to avoid actual or apparent conflicts of interest or any conduct that may bring discredit to a donor or ASOR.

2.4. ASOR will safeguard the confidentiality of a donor relationship, providing full disclosure to a donor and ensuring that gifts are recorded, allocated, and used according to donor intent and designation, if any.

2.5. ASOR will remain open and accessible to its donors, providing full communication of its activities, use of funds, and policies and procedures.

2.6. ASOR will honor donors’ requests for anonymity. That said, ASOR will assume permission to publicly recognize a donor and his or her gift unless otherwise requested.

2.7. ASOR will provide written acknowledgement to donors of all gifts made to ASOR in compliance with current IRS requirements. Donations will be acknowledged in compliance with IRS guidelines and regulations.

2.8. Donors and prospective donors are encouraged to give unrestricted gifts. But in all cases, donors and prospective donors are encouraged to seek the assistance and advice of independent advisors, including legal counsel and tax and financial advisors, prior to and in matters relating to making a gift.

2.9. ASOR and its employees and agents are prohibited from advising donors about the legal, financial, or tax consequences of their donations. Gifts are also subject to the provisions of other ASOR Policies, including, inter alia, the Investment and Spending Policies and Conflict of Interest Policy.

2.10. A donor will be responsible for all federal, state, and local taxes, if any, pertaining to making a gift to ASOR.

2.11. As an overarching policy, ASOR will not accept routine or non-routine gifts (as defined below) that (a) violate the terms of this Policy, (b) jeopardize ASOR’s status as a tax- exempt organization under federal or state law, (c) are too difficult or expensive to administer, (d) are inconsistent with, and do not further or support, ASOR’s Bylaws, Policy on Professional Conduct, other Policies, Mission, Programs, and Strategic Plan, (e) are from entities or individuals with whom ASOR, in its sole discretion, declines to be associated because it would not be in the best interests of the organization, (f) are from entities or individuals with operations or philosophies that ASOR, in its sole discretion, determines are inconsistent with or violate the ASOR Policy on Professional Conduct, (g) are from anonymous entities or individuals who refuse to identify themselves to the organization even if their identities are not to be publicized to the membership at large, or (h) could damage ASOR’s reputation.

2.12. ASOR reserves the right to consult with independent advisors, including legal counsel and tax and financial advisors, prior to and in matters relating to the acceptance of gifts. ASOR’s legal counsel will review and approve all gift agreements requiring ASOR’s execution.

2.13. Absent any restrictions imposed by the donor that ASOR elects to accept, ASOR reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to sell or hold any gift of real or personal property.

III. Gift Review and Evaluation Process

3.1. Routine gifts. Determinations whether to accept routine gifts may be made by the Executive Director. For purposes of this Policy, routine gifts include outright gifts of (a) cash made in response to direct mail solicitations, other direct developmental programs, and foundation grants in response to an ASOR-generated application, (b) publicly traded securities, and (c) and life insurance. All other gifts are non-routine gifts. Completion of the Donor Disclosure and Waiver Form (Appendix B) is not required for routine gifts.

3.2. Non-routine gifts. All non-routine gifts will be directed to the Finance Committee for its review, evaluation, and recommendation to the Executive Committee and Board of Trustees as to whether such gifts should be accepted. For purposes of this Policy, non- routine gifts include, without limitation, (a) gifts that are not regularly encountered in the ordinary course of ASOR’s business, (b) gifts that may not align with ASOR’s Bylaws, Policy on Professional Conduct, other Policies, Mission, Programs, and Strategic Plan, (c) gifts with a potential administrative, financial, or other burden on ASOR, (d) outright gifts that are not readily marketable (such as, inter alia, real estate, closely held stock, partnership interests, tangible personal property (other than in-kind contributions), and other real and personal property interests), (e) deferred gifts (including bequests, charitable gift annuities (immediate and deferred), charitable remainder trusts, charitable lead trusts, retained life estates, pooled income funds, and donor-advised funds), (f) gifts of restricted stock where ASOR is the beneficiary (applying a higher degree of scrutiny where the fair market value of such restricted stock is less than $5,000), and (g) other unique or unusual gifts designated as non-routine gifts by the Executive Director or the Executive Committee. Completion of the Donor Disclosure and Waiver Form (Appendix B) may be required for non-routine gifts as determined on a case-by- case basis by the Executive Director.

3.3. Review by Finance Committee and Executive Committee. ASOR recognizes that offers of non-routine gifts may be made by a prospective donor when it is not practical to discuss the proposed gift during a scheduled meeting of the Finance Committee, the Executive Committee, and the Board of Trustees. In such instances, the Treasurer and Executive Director (in consultation with the President and Board Chair) may request the Finance Committee and Executive Committee review the proposed gift by a conference call or an e-mail vote.

IV. Guidelines for Reviewing and Evaluating Specific Forms of Gifts

4.1. General guidelines regarding all gifts. In addition to the specific considerations described below, and other relevant considerations unique to a particular gift, ASOR may consider one or more of the following in determining whether to accept a proposed gift:

(a) Whether the proposed gift is overly restrictive, including, inter alia, (i) gifts that are inconsistent, or do not support, ASOR’s Bylaws, Policy on Professional Conduct, other Policies, Mission, Programs, Strategic Plan, or other governance documents or recognized procedures, or (ii) gifts that place undue burdens on ASOR;

(b) Ease of administration;

(c) Marketability of the gift;

(d) Projected financial benefit to ASOR;

(e) Any existing leases, restrictions, reservations, easements, liens, covenants, mortgages, pledges as collateral, or other encumbrances and limitations;

(f) Maintenance, repairs, insurance, taxes, mortgages, or other carrying costs;

(g) Restrictions imposed by the donor that might cause ASOR to incur undue expense or other undesirable consequences;

(h) Detrimental tax effect;

(i) The value of the gift as determined by an independent appraisal which, in its sole
discretion, may be commissioned by ASOR. The cost of an appraisal will be borne by the donor;

(j) Regarding a proposed gift of real estate, any issues revealed by an inspection or environmental audit. Prior to accepting a gift of real estate, a formal inspection and Phase I environmental audit (if determined to be necessary) will be performed by appropriate licensed professionals. The cost of the inspection and environmental audit, if conducted, will be borne by the donor; and

(k) When trips or special events involve a charitable contribution, the fair market value and charitable contribution components will be stated specifically in the promotional literature and donor acknowledgment letter. Donations given to offset the costs of a special event must be recorded as a gift, rather than as a credit to an expense account.

4.2. General guidelines regarding gifts of property. (a) It is ASOR’s policy to comply fully with the valuation rules set out in IRS Publication 561 and the relevant income, gift, and estate tax laws and regulations. Property contributions with a value in excess of $5,000 must be accompanied by an appraisal unless such contributions consist of (i) cash, (ii) marketable securities, (iii) life insurance, (iv) a vehicle or boat, the value of which will be determined by its sale, or (v) stock-in-trade, inventory, or other property otherwise held by the donor for sale to customers in the ordinary course of the donor’s business.

(b) The fee for the appraisal may not be based on the value of the appraised property, and the appraiser must be “qualified,” as defined in IRS Publication 561. A “qualified appraiser” is a person who is ordinarily in the business of appraising similar property, performs appraisals for many different people, entities, and purposes (i.e., not primarily for ASOR or the donor), has appropriate educational and experiential background, and is not employed by ASOR, the donor, any relative of the donor, or any entity controlled by the donor or members of the donor’s family. Duplicate originals of each appraisal must be prepared for ASOR and the donor.

4.3. Cash, checks, and credit card gifts. ASOR may accept gifts paid by cash, checks, and credit cards (including online giving through the ASOR website or third-party websites (such as PayPal, etc.).

4.4. Marketable securities. ASOR may accept gifts of publicly-traded securities, including, inter alia, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and other marketable investments. Publicly- traded securities may be transferred to an account maintained by ASOR at one or more brokerage firms or delivered physically with the transferor’s signature or stock power attached. As determined in ASOR’s sole discretion, marketable securities received as a gift may be sold following receipt or held as an investment. That said, it is ASOR’s normal practice to sell all gifts of publically traded securities as soon as reasonably practical.

4.5. Closely-held securities. ASOR may accept gifts of non-publicly traded, closely- held securities and equity positions, including debt and equity positions in closely-held non- publicly traded companies and interests in partnerships, LLPs, and LLCs. Other forms of equity ownership also may be deemed to be closely-held securities and considered for acceptance.

4.6. Restricted stock. ASOR may accept gifts of restricted stock. The donor must pay all of the expenses to lift the restriction and any other expenses associated with the administration of the gift.

4.7. Life Insurance. (a) ASOR may accept a designation as the owner of a life insurance policy. ASOR also may be named as a beneficiary or contingent beneficiary of a life insurance policy. Gifted life insurance policies must possess a minimum face value of $5,000. If the donor contributes future premium payments, ASOR will include the entire amount of the additional premium payment as a gift in the year the premium payment is made. A life insurance policy designation will not be recorded as a gift until it is irrevocable. When such occurs, the gift will be recorded in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).

(b) If a policy is a “vanishing premium” policy, the donor must clarify the risk of “reappearing premiums” if assumed interest rates or dividends decrease. Often premiums vanish only to reappear later when an economic environment becomes less favorable. Annual illustrations are required for these types of policies. The donor also must deliver to ASOR a copy of the contract and a current vanishing in-force illustration. If a policy is not fully paid, the donor also must deliver a second illustration assuming a 1-2% reduction in interest or dividend rates.

(c) ASOR encourages gifts of paid-up life insurance policies. If the policy is not paid- up, the donor also must contribute all future premium payments on the life insurance policy to ASOR. If the donor does not cover future premium payments, ASOR, in its sole discretion, may (i) continue to pay the premiums, (ii) convert the policy to paid-up insurance, or (iii) surrender the policy for its current cash value.

4.8. Real Estate. (a) ASOR may accept a gift of real estate. Gifts of real estate may include developed property, undeveloped property, or remainder interests (provided the carrying costs, such as, inter alia, maintenance, repairs, insurance, property taxes, mortgages, notes, owners’ association dues, country club membership dues, and transfer charges, are paid by the donor or primary beneficiary). The donor must deliver to ASOR the deed, property tax bill, title report, survey, site plans or development surveys relating to the property, plot plan, any existing leases or agreements encumbering the property, substantiation of zoning status, and verification of title insurance. ASOR will arrange for an appraisal of the property and obtain a title binder when deemed appropriate, the cost of which will be borne by the donor. The property may also undergo an environmental audit, the cost of which will be borne by the donor, to ensure that ASOR will have no current or potential exposure to environmental liability.

(b) As a general rule, ASOR will sell a gift of real estate within a reasonable period of time to avoid further potential liability. Depending on a variety of factors, including the value and desirability of the gift, ease of administration, the donor’s connection with ASOR, the donor’s past giving record and contributions, the donor may be asked to pay all or a portion of the following additional expenses: maintenance, taxes, insurance, real estate broker’s and auctioneer’s commissions, other costs of sale, and any additional legal or other expenses relating to the administration or sale of the property.

4.9. Oil, gas, and other mineral interests. ASOR may accept gifts of oil, gas, or other mineral interests according to the following criteria: (a) gifts of surface rights must have a value of at least $20,000, and (b) gifts of oil, gas, or other mineral interests must generate at least $3,000 per year in royalties or other income (as determined by the average of the three calendar years prior to the calendar year in which the gift will be made). Working interests only may be accepted where there is a plan to minimize potential liability and tax consequences to ASOR. Gifts of oil, gas, or other mineral interests must undergo an environmental audit, the cost of which will be borne by the donor, to ensure that ASOR will have no current or potential exposure to environmental liability.

4.10. Tangible personal property. ASOR may accept gifts of tangible personal property (e.g., inter alia, artwork, rare books, archival materials, coin and stamp collections, musical instruments, theatrical props, furniture, fixtures, equipment, and the like, but specifically excluding antiquities addressed below). ASOR, in its sole discretion, may keep or sell such property. That said, it is ASOR’s normal practice to sell all gifts of tangible personal property as soon as reasonably practical.

4.11. Antiquities. ASOR will not accept gifts of antiquities. ASOR, however, may help facilitate a donation of antiquities to a museum or other appropriate curation facility provided (a) documentation acceptable to ASOR is provided to demonstrate that such antiquities were not acquired by an individual or institution, including the prospective donor, through purchase or donation after April 24, 1972, the effective date of the 1970 UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, (b) the facilitated donation would not otherwise be disqualified by Section 2.11 of this Policy if ASOR were to accept, rather than help facilitate, the gift, (c) the facilitation is approved by the Board of Trustees, (d) under no circumstances will ASOR take physical possession of such antiquities or otherwise derive any benefit from them or their facilitated donation, and (e) under no circumstances will ASOR provide appraisals or estimates of the value of any antiquity. For purposes of this Policy, the term “antiquities” means, inter alia, coins, texts, pottery, statues, artworks, textiles, and other portable relics pertaining to the history and cultures of the Near East and wider Mediterranean, from earliest times.

4.12. Deferred gifts—general considerations. ASOR may accept deferred gifts. As a general rule, ASOR will not accept deferred gifts where it is not the outright beneficiary; provided, however, that ASOR may consider on a case-by-case basis proposed gifts where ASOR is a contingent beneficiary or one of several beneficiaries. Deferred gifts may include charitable lead trusts, charitable remainder trusts, bequests, charitable gift annuities, deferred gift annuities, pooled income funds, retained life estates, and donor-advised funds.

4.13. Charitable lead trusts. ASOR may accept a designation as the income beneficiary of a charitable lead trust. ASOR, however, will not accept appointment as the trustee of a charitable lead trust or an irrevocable life insurance trust—unless it is in the donor’s and ASOR’s best interest, or when it is impractical to name another trustee. The Finance Committee and Executive Committee, in consultation with ASOR’s legal counsel, must approve any agreement to serve as the trustee of a charitable lead trust. When ASOR is the income beneficiary, ASOR may engage a trust institution to manage its interests.

4.14. Charitable remainder trusts. ASOR may accept a designation as the remainder beneficiary of a charitable remainder trust. ASOR, however, will not accept appointment as the trustee of a charitable remainder trust—unless it is in the donor’s and ASOR’s best interest, or when it is impractical to name another trustee. The Finance Committee and Executive Committee, in consultation with ASOR’s legal counsel, must approve any agreement to act as the trustee of a charitable remainder trust. When ASOR is the remainder beneficiary, ASOR may engage a trust institution to manage its interests.

4.15. Charitable gift annuities. (a) ASOR may enter into a contract with a donor providing a fixed dollar return for life to the donor or other beneficiaries in exchange for a contribution to ASOR according to the terms and conditions set forth in (b)-(d) (below). A charitable gift annuity is a binding contract between a donor and ASOR; it is not a trust. A donor must transfer cash, marketable securities, or other acceptable assets to ASOR. In exchange, ASOR will pay a fixed amount of money to one or two individuals (“annuitants”) for their lifetime. ASOR must be the 100% remainder beneficiary.

(b) ASOR will not accept real estate, tangible personal property, or any other non- liquid asset in exchange for a current gift annuity. ASOR, however, may accept real estate, tangible personal property, or other non-liquid assets in exchange for a deferred gift annuity so long as there is at least a five year period before the initial annuity payment date, the value of the property is reasonably certain, and the Finance Committee and the Executive Committee, in consultation with ASOR’s legal counsel, approve the gift arrangement. All gift annuities must be reinsured through a reputable reinsurance provider, the cost of which will be paid by the donor or beneficiary.

(c) The amount of the annuity payment will depend on the age of the donor and the size of the gift. Income payments to a beneficiary may be deferred. The annuity contract will be a general obligation of ASOR. The American Council on Gift Annuities sets and publishes recommended annuity rates, anticipating that any remainder (i.e., assets remaining upon the death of the annuitant(s)) will be at least 50% of the initial contribution, which ASOR will follow.

(d) (i) Any remainder must be placed in an ASOR endowment fund, (ii) the Uniform Annuity Rates published by the American Council on Gift Annuities will not be exceeded without Finance Committee and Executive Committee approval, (iii) disclosure to the donor must follow state and federal laws and regulations, (iv) the minimum gift to fund an annuity contract is $25,000, (v) if a donor’s objective is to create a named component fund with the remainder, the donor must fund the annuity contract with $50,000 to ensure that the remainder will meet the $25,000 minimum to create a named fund, (vi) if the remainder is less than $25,000, it may be added to an already existing ASOR fund, (vii) annuity contracts may provide for income payments to no more than two successive life beneficiaries, (viii) the minimum age for life income beneficiaries of a gift annuity will be 55, (ix) the minimum age for life income beneficiaries of a deferred gift annuity will be 45, and (x) annuity payments to beneficiaries will be made on a quarterly basis, although the Executive Director, in consultation with the Finance Committee and the Executive Committee, may approve exceptions to this payment schedule.

4.16. Bequests. ASOR may accept a bequest under a donor’s will or trust. A bequest will not be recorded as a gift until the gift is irrevocable. When such occurs, the gift will be recorded in accordance with GAAP.

4.17. Retirement plan beneficiary designations. ASOR may accept a designation as the beneficiary of a donor’s retirement plan. Such designation will not be recorded as a gift until the gift is irrevocable. When such occurs, the gift will be recorded in accordance with GAAP.

4.18. Named endowed funds. A donor may create, name, and contribute to a fund, and restrict the use of the income or principal of the fund. As of the date this Policy was approved by the ASOR Board of Trustees, named funds require a minimum initial contribution of $50,000. Distributions from a named fund will be made in accordance with ASOR’s Investment and Spending Policies. The minimum initial contribution required for a named fund may be changed by the ASOR Board of Trustees by amending the Investment and Spending Policies.

4.19. Other gifts. ASOR may consider accepting other unusual or unique gifts not specifically referenced above, including, inter alia, memorials, honorariums, intangible property, intellectual property (e.g., patents, copyrights, and trademarks), promissory notes, and assignments of promissory notes. All such gifts will be considered non-routine gifts for purposes of their review and evaluation for acceptance.

V. Donor-Advised Funds

5.1. General. ASOR may create a donor-advised fund (DAF). Pursuant to the IRC and corresponding regulations, a DAF is (a) a fund owned and controlled by ASOR (b) that is separately identified with reference to the contribution(s) of a donor or donors (c) where the donor(s) (or their appointee(s)) have, or reasonably expect to have, the privilege of advising ASOR regarding the DAF’s investments or distributions.

5.2. Creation. A DAF will be created by an affiliated fund agreement between the donor and ASOR. The fund agreement will name advisor(s) who may recommend DAF investments or distributions (grants). A DAF may be non-permanent (all contributions may be expended), may be permanently endowed (invested with only a portion of the earnings and appreciation available for expenditure in accordance with the ASOR Investment and Spending Policies), or may have both a non-permanent account and a permanently endowed account. A minimum contribution of $25,000 is required to establish a DAF.

5.3. Naming a DAF. The donor may name the DAF, subject to ASOR’s approval. Unless the donor requests that a DAF be anonymous, it will be listed by name in ASOR’s annual report. The DAF and its advisor(s) will be identified to grant recipients unless the advisor(s) request anonymity on a case-by-case basis.

5.4. Contributions to a DAF. Contributions to a DAF are irrevocable. Contributions may be made at any time, in any amount, and in many forms, including cash, securities, real estate, and retirement plan assets, subject to acceptance by ASOR in accordance with this Policy, the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (regarding ownership interests in a business (i.e., the “excess business holdings” rule and avoiding the corresponding IRC § 4943 tax)), and other applicable laws and regulations. Donors may establish or add to a DAF through a bequest or other estate gift.

5.5. DAF Distributions (grants). (a) Donors or their appointees may recommend grants to qualified charitable organizations. Qualified charitable organizations generally include organizations described in IRC § 501(c)(3) that are not private foundations and certain governmental entities. ASOR will not allow DAF grants to non-charitable organizations. ASOR, in its sole discretion, will make the final decision regarding all DAF grants. The minimum amount of a DAF grant will be $5,000.

(b) Pursuant to IRS rules, however, DAF grants specifically (i) may not be used to satisfy all or a portion of any pledge or other financial obligation of the donor(s), advisor(s), or any related parties, (ii) may not result in the donor(s), advisor(s), or any related parties receiving goods, services or other benefits that are more than incidental (such prohibited benefits include, inter alia, event tickets, memberships, meals, preferred parking, preferred seating, discounted merchandise, or other preferential treatment from a donee organization), (iii) may not be made directly to individuals (such as in the form of scholarships, emergency hardship grants, or disaster relief grants, including payments directly to an individual or to an entity for the benefit of a specified individual (e.g., to a university for a scholarship for a particular student)), and (iv)may not be made to donor(s), advisor(s), or any related parties in any form, including, inter alia, grants, loans, expense reimbursements, compensation, or similar payments.

5.6. Expenditure responsibility. Pursuant to IRS rules, certain types of DAF grants require the exercise of “expenditure responsibility.” Expenditure responsibility is a process designed to ensure that a DAF grant is used for charitable purposes, and ASOR is maintaining appropriate oversight and documentation of such grants. Expenditure responsibility is required for grants to (a) organizations not described in IRC § 170(b)(1)(A), (b) type III supporting organizations that are not functionally integrated with the grantee organization, and (c) supporting organizations of any type if they are controlled by the donor(s), advisor(s), or any related parties. ASOR’s normal practice, subject to a case-by-case review by the Finance Committee and Executive Committee, is not to make DAF grants requiring expenditure responsibility.

VI. Other Administrative Provisions

6.1. Tax Deductions. A donor will be responsible for substantiating the amount claimed as a deduction for federal and state income, gift, and estate tax purposes. ASOR will assist donors by providing reasonable assistance and information, and when required, signing an appropriately completed IRS Form 8283, Noncash Charitable Contributions. ASOR will provide each donor with a written receipt or other acknowledgement of the donor’s gift that, to the extent possible, complies with the then-existing IRC requirements and regulations regarding substantiation of charitable contributions. In acknowledging the receipt of any noncash gift, ASOR will accurately describe any restrictions to which the property is subject, but will not indicate any monetary value attributable to the gift.

6.2. Ethical standards and compliance. ASOR will administer gifts properly, comply with all applicable laws and regulations, including those governing reporting and retention, and provide formal acknowledgments for gifts. ASOR will not furnish property appraisals or gift valuations to donors for tax purposes. ASOR gift acknowledgment letters, however, may state the value of a cash, check, or other monetary gift, or if required by applicable law. Otherwise, the donor is solely responsible for determining gift valuations for his or her own tax purposes. ASOR may consult with independent advisors where it deems such action to be appropriate. ASOR will strive to consider the interests of the donor and disclose to the donor all essential information, including any related fees or expenses, prior to accepting a gift. Donors are strongly encouraged to consult with their own independent legal or tax counsel or other appropriate advisors at their own expense regarding all prospective gifts.

6.3. Exceptions to the Policy. The Board of Trustees, at the recommendation of the Finance Committee, the Executive Committee, or on its own motion, may grant exceptions to this Policy as the Board deems appropriate. Exceptions may be made based on a variety of factors, including, inter alia, the value and desirability of the gift, ease of administration of the gift, the donor’s connection with ASOR, and the donor’s past giving record and contributions to ASOR.

6.4. Audit of planned gift arrangements. The Executive Director will audit existing planned gift arrangements periodically and submit a report to the Finance Committee.

6.5. Review of Policy. The Finance Committee, Executive Committee, and the Board of Trustees have reviewed and approved this Policy. The Finance Committee will periodically review this Policy, and propose any necessary changes for consideration by the Executive Committee and the Board. The Board may revise or revoke this Policy at any time it deems appropriate.

APPENDIX A: DONOR BILL OF RIGHTS

Philanthropy is based on voluntary action for the common good. It is a tradition of giving and sharing that is primary to the quality of life. To assure that philanthropy merits the respect and trust of the general public, and that donors and prospective donors will have full confidence in ASOR and its Mission and Programs, ASOR declares that all donors have the following rights:
1. To be informed of ASOR’s Mission and Programs, the way in which ASOR will use donated resources, and its capacity and ability to use donations effectively for their intended purposes.
2. To be informed of the identity of those serving on ASOR’s Board of Trustees, and to expect the Board to exercise prudent judgment in its stewardship responsibilities.
3. To have access to ASOR’s most recent audited financial statements.
4. To be assured that their gifts will be used for the purposes for which they were given.
5. To receive appropriate acknowledgment and recognition.
6. To be assured that information about their donations is handled with respect and
confidentiality to the extent provided by law.
7. To expect that all relationships with individuals representing ASOR will be professional in nature.
8. To be informed whether those seeking donations are volunteers, ASOR employees, or hired solicitors.
9. To have the opportunity for their names to be deleted from mailing lists that ASOR may intend to share.
10. To feel free to ask questions when making a donation, and receive prompt, truthful, and forthright answers.

APPENDIX B: DONOR DISCLOSURE AND WAIVER

Fiduciary Responsibility
ASOR is a Massachusetts nonprofit, public-benefit corporation governed by its Officers and Board of Trustees.
Privacy Notice
All information supplied to ASOR by Donor will be kept confidential, and not disseminated to any other person or entity except as required by law.
Consent to Publish Donor’s Name and Contribution
One of the ways in which ASOR expresses appreciation of its Donors is by recognizing them in various ASOR publications. Unless you request otherwise, we will assume you consent to being identified as an ASOR Donor in this manner.
Independent Counsel and Advice
The ASOR Gift Acceptance Policy requires us to advise you to consult your own independent legal or tax counsel or other appropriate advisors regarding any gift. Donor acknowledges, understands, and agrees that ASOR and its representatives will not provide any legal, investment, tax, financial, or other advice to Donor regarding any gift.
Recovery of Operating Expenses from Private Gifts
By making a contribution, Donor acknowledges, understands, and agrees that ASOR may annually set aside a percentage of any restricted gift specified in the Investment and Spending Policies to support ASOR’s administrative expenses.

UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED:
Donor Signature:__________________________________________________Date:________________________
Donor Name (Print):__________________________________________________
Signature of ASOR Representative:__________________________________________________Date:________________________

WAIVER
Should the purpose designated for my gift no longer exist or become impractical in the opinion of the ASOR Board of Trustees, I hereby direct the Board to designate an alternate use for the gift that will most nearly accomplish my wishes while meeting the needs of ASOR.
Donor Signature:__________________________________________________Date:________________________

This policy was developed on November 12, 2017.

WORKS TO REVIEW FOR BASOR

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WORKS TO REVIEW FOR BASOR

Listed below are books that have been submitted to BASOR for review. Please send your resume and title of the books you would like to review to basorreviews@gmail.com with the subject “REQUEST TO REVIEW.” It is suggested that junior scholars attach a cv to their e-mail offer to review a volume, or provide a summary of their education, presentations, and publications. All who offer (via the aforementioned e-mail) to review a book must also send in that e-mail a preferred postal address (which we will use to send the volume to reviewers via means such as US Postal Office, FedEx, UPS, or DHL). We should like to emphasize that we anticipate we will sometimes have multiple scholars offering to review the same volume. In such cases, the editors will select the most suitable reviewer for the volume, based on a variety of academic factors.

Note also that (1) It will normally be necessary for potential reviewers already to have an earned doctorate in hand, although Ph.D. candidates who have successfully completed their comprehensive exams can sometimes be considered, at the discretion of the editors. (2) After receiving an offer from someone to review a volume, the editors or editorial board will normally take around three to six weeks before responding to the offer. Please be patient. (3) It will normally be necessary for reviewers to complete the review of a book within six months of receipt of the book, so that the review can appear in print within a reasonable time-frame after a book’s publication. Reviewers who do not complete the review within the required time-frame will be requested to return the volume so that it can be offered to a different reviewer. (4) Reviews are normally to be ca. 1500 to 2500 words long. (5) BASOR will publish some reviews in the print edition of BASOR, but some reviews may be published exclusively online. (6) Books will be removed from our list of available books, as they are commissioned, and books will be added to this list, as new volumes arrive.

Thank you very much for your interest in BASOR Reviews. We look forward to hearing from you.

Sincerely,

The BASOR Editors and Editorial Board

Click here to download list (updated 2/27/20)

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Table of Contents for NEA 81.1 (March 2018)

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Table of Contents for Near Eastern Archaeology 81.1 (March 2018)

Subscription Options
You can receive NEA (and other ASOR publications) through an ASOR Membership or through an Individual Subscription. Single issues (subject to availability) are available for purchase, with ASOR members receiving a discount. Please email us if you have any questions.

Pp. 4-5: “The Survey of the Site and Its Insights,” by Joe Uziel and Aren M. Maeir

Since its infancy, archaeological research has used survey as a major tool in both regional studies (see, e.g., Conder and Kitchener 1881) and as a tool for project planning. In the former, survey flourished—despite certain critiques as to the validity of the data collected (e.g., Waelkens and Poblome 2004)—whereas the latter was often used minimally in the interpretation of an individual site’s history. In this sense, the survey at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath was groundbreaking in its approach— not only as a tool for planning the project, but as the basis for determining aspects of the history of the site (Uziel and Maeir 2005, 2012). The survey was planned by the division of the site into separate fields, based on discrete micro-topographical features. As opposed to an arbitrary grid, the use of the topography of the site considered that these features may have been formed by the changing settlement of the site over time. For example, the eastern slopes (Areas A and E), which have been extensively excavated, each had its own local phasing, which was determined through their separate survey. Had we used a random grid, it is likely the parts of each of these terraced steps would have been lumped together, making the survey a tool for overall evaluation of the site, but not determining differences in the various areas. This proved critical in the planning of the project, which later, through the implementation of the survey results, managed to determine excavation areas according to the research design of the project.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 6-14: “New Insights into the Philistines in Light of Excavations at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Louise A. Hitchcock and Aren M. Maeir

Even though the arrival of the Philistines in the southern Levant is an event that happens “off camera,” that is, before the appearance of their settlement remains, it is an event that was narrativized in the recent past by archaeologists working in Philistia who interpreted the local production of Aegean style pottery as evidence of a massive colonization by Mycenaean migrants (Hitchcock and Maeir 2016a). By and large, the understanding of the Philistines and their culture was centered around the biblical and Egyptian images of the Philistines, and their continued reception and interpretation until modern times.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 15-18: “Philistine Decorated Pottery at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Linda G. Meiberg

Almost all of the excavated areas at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath have yielded Philistine decorated pottery. This includes Areas A (Strata A6 and A5), E (Stratum E3), F (Stratum F11), and P (Stratum P2) on the upper tell, as well as Area D (Stratum D5) in the lower city, thus indicating that the consumption, if not actual production, of Philistine decorated pottery was quite widespread throughout the entire site during the twelfth through tenth centuries B.C.E.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 19-21: “Philistine Burial Customs in Light of the Finds at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Joe Uziel and Aren M. Maeir

Despite over a century of research conducted on the Philistines and their material culture, a very small quantity of finds relating to their burial customs has been reported. This has led to quite a lot of speculation on Philistine mortuary customs, with little evidence in support. At a number of sites, suggestions to distinguish “Philistine” burials were attempted, most notably, the erroneous attribution of the anthropoid coffins to the Philistines (Dothan 1982), the suggested cremation burials found at Azor (Dothan and Dothan 1992; Ben-Shlomo 2008, 2012; Buchennino and Yannai 2010), and the burial caves yielding Philistine bichrome pottery at Tel Eton (Edelstein and Aurant 1992). However, the problematic interpretations of these finds, coupled with the fact that none of this evidence was found at the main urban sites of the Philistines, calls into question their centrality within the Philistine realm, and their attribution on a whole to the ethnic group that populated the southern Coastal Plain.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 22-23: “What Language(s) Did the Philistines Speak?,” by Brent Davis

The evidence that we have for the language(s) spoken by the Philistines is not plentiful, but what we do have is interesting (though far from conclusive). Two types of evidence predominate: (1) inscriptions from Philistine sites (thus these inscriptions may have been produced by Philistines), and (2) Philistine words and names borrowed into other languages of the region and recorded (however imperfectly) in non-Philistine records.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 24-27: “Microarchaeology at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Area A,” by Steve Weiner and Elisabetta Boaretto

The overall objective of archaeological excavations is to extract as much reliable information as possible from the whole archaeological record: both macroscopic and microscopic. An effective approach to achieve this goal is to integrate observations on the macroscopic and microscopic records as the excavation proceeds by operating an on-site analytical laboratory at the excavation. In this way important primary context locations can be better identified as they are exposed, and the excavation and sampling strategy can be adapted accordingly (Weiner 2010).

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 28-33: “Excavations in Area D of the Lower City: Philistine Cultic Remains and Other Finds,” by Amit Dagan, Maria Eniukhina and Aren M. Maeir

During the first decade of the Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath Excavation Project, various areas in the upper city were excavated. Based on the results of the surface survey, however, it was clear that there was extensive settlement in the area to the north of the upper city up until the Elah Valley riverbed. Ten years ago, the excavations were expanded to the lower city, commencing with Area D (fig. 1). Since then, Area D has been extensively excavated, with a broad range of finds mainly from the Iron Age (for additional excavations in Area K of the lower city, see Welch in this issue). Here we will describe some of these finds, with a particular focus on the Philistine cultic remains.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 34-36: “Iron Age Metal Production at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Adi Eliyahu-Behar and Vanessa Workman

While the increasing appearance of iron objects between the late twelfth and early eleventh centuries B.C.E. has been the greatest indicator for the shift from bronze to iron use that marks the transition to the Iron Age, a nuanced understanding of the technological phenomenon comes from evidence and artifacts of production. The origins of iron production technologies are still hotly debated. In recent years, new and pertinent archaeological data regarding actual iron production, has finally surfaced. Considerable iron production remains of both smelting and smithing had been identified at major sites throughout the region.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 37-40: “Women in Distress: Victims of the Iron Age Destruction at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Marina Faerman, Aren M. Maeir, Amit Dagan and Patricia Smith

The widespread signs of destruction and fire seen at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath in the upper and lower parts of the city (Namdar et al. 2011; Zukerman and Maeir 2012) include the charred skeletal remains of three women found in Area D, Stratum D3, and five individuals found in Area A, Stratum A3. All appear to have been victims of the same event, namely, the destruction of the city at the end of the ninth century B.C.E. by Hazael of Aram (Maeir 2012). We provide here a detailed description of these remains and the circumstances surrounding their deaths using standards published in Bass 1995 to determine their age and sex, and the Munsell color chart (Ellingham et al. 2015) to estimate the extent and pattern of burning on the bodies.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 41-44: “Iron Age Animal Husbandry at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath: Notes on the Fauna from Area D,” by Ron Kehati, Amit Dagan and Liora Kolska Horwitz

Faunal remains comprise a significant portion of finds recovered from most archaeological sites in Israel. Among other issues relating to factors such as animal evolution and ecology, their examination can elucidate past human diet, symbolic and cultural behavior, technology relating to animals and animal products, as well as the site’s environment and even paleoclimate of a region (e.g., Reitz and Wing 2008; Russell 2011). These issues were considered when we examined the faunal assemblage recovered from the late Iron Age I (tenth century B.C.E.) through Iron Age IIA-B (post-830 B.C.E.) deposits excavated in Area D at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath.

Click here to access the above article on JSTOR (ASOR membership with online access and/or subscription to JSTOR Current Content required).

Pp. 45-47: “Expanding the Lower City: Area K at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Eric L. Welch

Excavations in the lower city of Gath have been ongoing since 2009. In Area D, in the westernmost excavated portion of the lower city, excavations have demonstrated the presence of a well-fortified lower city as early as the eleventh century B.C.E., with the most substantial remains dating to the ninth century B.C.E. (Dagan et al., this issue). With the discovery of a fortified lower city as early as Iron Age I, new research questions about the lower city began to emerge. Of particular interest were questions about the extent of ancient Gath’s lower city and the timeline for when the lower city was inhabited.

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Pp. 48-54: “Judahite Gath in the Eighth Century B.C.E.: Finds in Area F from the Earthquake to the Assyrians,” by Jeffrey R. Chadwick and Aren M. Maeir

After Philistine Gath fell to the Arameans in the late ninth century B.C.E. (Maeir 2008; 2012: 47–48) the huge city atop Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath was a ghost town for several decades. Some structures had been burnt or otherwise destroyed, but many were simply abandoned to the elements. As years passed, winter storms and the processes of nature eroded the roofs and walls of hundreds of ownerless houses and other buildings. The devastation was alluded to by the Judahite prophet Amos when he predicted the eventual demise of Samaria: “Go down to Gath of the Philistines,” he challenged the Israelites, to behold what complete desolation is like (Amost 6:2; Maeir 2004). Aside from the presence of a few squatters who settled in the north lower-city ruins near the Elah riverbed, the forlorn ghost town of Gath slowly decayed away, until a cataclysmic earthquake shook the entire region somewhere around 760 B.C.E. (Chadwick and Maeir, forthcoming; Maeir 2012:49–50).

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Pp. 55-58: “Textile Production at Iron Age Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Deborah Cassuto

Textiles in antiquity were multifunctional, and used much as they are in modern times.1 When we think of textiles, our first thoughts are of clothing. In antiquity, as in modern times, clothing demonstrated social status (e.g., royal, common), occupation (e.g., priestly, military) and ranged from simply constructed frocks to finely manufactured prestige garments. Textiles were also used as furnishings, such as rugs, wall carpets, cushions, and curtains, as boat sails and shelters, or sacks for storage or carriage. In short, they were consumed by everyone for a multitude of needs, ranging from the mundane to the festive, from the functional to the opulent.

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Pp. 59-62: “Iron Age Adornment at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Josephine A. Verduci

Between 1998 and 2014, Iron Age strata from Areas A, C, D, E, F, and P yielded a rich assemblage of 172 objects of adornment. These objects come from contexts dated to the Late Bronze Age-Iron Age transition through to Iron Age IIB. Tomb T1, containing the skeletal remains of over 70 individuals (adults and children) and dated to late Iron I-early Iron IIA, also yielded a large and varied assemblage of 154 adornment objects, not including 65 items of shell that were most likely also used as items of adornment. Among these 326 objects, are examples of metal, stone, and vitreous materials, which are represented by beads, pendants, rings, bangles (bracelets, anklets, and armlets), earrings, and fibulae.

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Pp. 63-65: “Petrographic and Technological Analysis of the Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath Pottery,” by David Ben-Shlomo

In archaeological research, pottery analysis is of importance for relative dating and reconstructing daily life, as well as for understanding trade patterns and cultural contacts. Trade patterns in table ware and commodities carried in pottery containers can help illuminate the economy and administration of an ancient society. The production technology of pottery, and especially its mode of production, can also reflect social, economic, and political realities in a general manner. However, according to many ethnographic and archaeological studies, the technology of pottery production is relatively conservative, and does not change rapidly.

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Pp. 66-71: “Cooking Installations through the Ages at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Shira Gur-Arieh

While it is debated when exactly humans began regularly to cook their food (Sandgathe and Berna 2017), it is clear that once they did, they never looked back. Cooking raw food improves its nutrient values by enabling more complete digestion, it kills bacteria, and it sometimes helps to preserve the food. But above all, cooking makes many food products taste much better. The combination of such practical benefits, which are essential for our wellbeing, with the communal and social aspects of eating, are what makes cooking and cuisine so central in the culture of many societies worldwide. Yet, although archaeologists are aware of the important role of cooking in the overall assemblage that defines different human cultures, comprehensive study of archaeological cooking installations is still not commonly practiced in excavations of Levantine protohistoric and historic sites (Ebeling and Rogel 2015: 343–44). Such comprehensive studies of cooking technologies, fuel materials, and their spatial and chronological development over time, have the potential to provide invaluable information on topics such as human interaction with the environment, subsistence practice, intercultural transformation, and cultural affiliation, to mention just a few.

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Pp. 72-76: “Seals and Sealings at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Stefan Münger

The currently published glyptic assemblage from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath comprises more than sixty seals and sealings (Keel 2013: 94–123; see also Maeir, Shai, and Kolska Horwitz 2011). This corpus provides sound evidence that seals—mostly worn as adornments—and the practice of sealing were part of daily life at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath throughout the centuries. In the following, a few outstanding glyptic finds by the current expedition are presented.

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Pp. 77-80: “Plant Use in the Bronze and Iron Ages at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Suembikya Frumin and Ehud Weiss

The long history of settlement at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath provides an opportunity to study changes in vegetation and its use in different cultures and periods, as well as aspects relating to local biodiversity over time. These changes may shed light on the local development of agriculture, on cultural changes, on ancient human migrations, and foreign influences. Analyzing archaeological data from several time periods and cultures within the same landscape offers new directions in the study of past cultures, and the origins of their formation (Frumin et al. 2015; Frumin 2017). In the case of the appearance of Philistine culture, which occurred partly through migration, this type of data enables analysis of invasion events using archaeological data, with the aim of reconstructing changes in diet, land use, and in regional and interregional linkages associated with a specific migrant culture.

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Pp. 81-84: “What We Can Learn from the Flint Industries at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath,” by Francesco Manclossi and Steven A Rosen

Within Levantine archaeology, the analysis of chipped stone tools from the Metal Ages is reasonably well established. Chipped stone tool manufacture is a reductive process, leaving large quantities of diagnostic waste products, allowing detailed reconstruction not only of the specifics of technologies and function, but also of such issues as on-site/off-site production, trade, and degrees of craft specialization—and ultimately offering insights into social and economic processes not always available from other sources. The materials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath from the Early Bronze (EB), Late Bronze (LB), and Iron Ages (IA) provide a long-term view of these processes at the site, and offer a case study for larger-scale processes.

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Pp. 85-91: “‘The Archaeological Picture Went Blank’: Historical Archaeology and GIS analysis of the Landscape of the Palestinian Village of Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi,” by Liora Kolska Horwitz, Rona Winter-Livneh and Aren M. Maeir

Referring to the dearth of historical archaeological research in Israel, in Between Past and Present: Archaeology, Ideology, and Nationalism in the Modern Middle East, author Neil Silberman states: “Just as the story was beginning to get interesting—when the modern cultures of the region were in the process of formation—the archaeological picture went blank” (1989:233). Since Silberman published his book, the status of historical-archaeological research—notably of the Islamic and Ottoman periods in Israel—has certainly improved. To a large extent, the same cannot be said of archaeological research—either on objects, sites, or historic landscapes—relating to the British Mandate and the early years of the State of Israel.

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