A Comprehensive Index to Biblical Archaeologist

Index of Contents by Volume

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volume 46

Letter to the Readers
Barry Hoberman 46:4-5

Thomas: The Fourth Synoptic Gospel
Stevan Davies 46:6-9,12-14

How Did the Gospel of Thomas Get Its Name ?
Barry Hoberman 46:10-11

A Cycle of Jesus's Parables
Stevan Davies 46:15-17

The First Purim
William W. Hallo 46:19-29

The Die of Iahali
William W. Hallo 46:27

It's the Little Things that Count (Mark 14:17-21; Luke 4:1-13; Matthew 18:10-14)
Paul J. Achtemeier 46:30-31

Hellenism and the Near East
F.E. Peters 46:33-39

George Smith (1840-1876): Pioneer Assyriologist
Barry Hoberman 46:41-42

Exploring the Mediterranean Background of Early Christianity
Enid Schmuch 46:43-48

The Study of Faunal Remains from Archaeological Sites
Richard H. Meadow 46:49-53

Codex Sinaiticus: An Historical Observation
Philip Mayerson 46:54-56

Middle Bronze Age Earthworks: A Contemporary Engineering Evaluation
Ernest Pennells 46:57-61

Book reviews 46:63-64
T.G.H. James, Excavating in Egypt. The Egyptian Exploration Society, 1882-1982
(Anthony J. Spalinger) 46:63-64

Books received 46:64
Letter to the Readers
Martin Wilcox 46:67

The Weeping Goddess: Sumerian Prototypes of the Mater Dolorosa
Samuel Noah Kramer 46:69-80

Western Asiatic Women in the Iron Age: Their Image Revealed
Pauline Albenda 46:83-88

The Scythians: Invading Hordes from the Russian Steppes
Edwin Yamauchi 46:90-99

Russian Attacks?
Edwin Yamauchi 46:96-97

The Harvard Semitic Museum Rises Again
Janet Tassel 46:101-108

Archaeology and the Public's Perception of the Ancient World
Eric Meyers and Michael Payne 46:109-112

The Ethiopian Legend of the Ark
Barry Hoberman 46:113-114

Jericho Off Limits
Robert G. Boling 46:115-116

Tokens and Counting
Denise Schmandt-Besserat 46:117-120

Identifying the Curving Line on the
Bar-Kokhba Temple Coin
Lawrence D. Sporty 46:121-123

Book reviews 46:124-128
Robert Alter, The Art of Biblical Narrative
(Jon D. Levenson) . 46:124-125

Eric M. Meyers and James F. Strange, Archaeology, The Rabbis, and Early Christianity:
The Social and Historical Setting of Palestinian Judaism and Christianity
(Lou H. Silberman) 46:125-126

Peter C. Patton and Renee A. Holoien, Computing in the Humanities
(James F. Strange) 46:126-128

Books received 46:128
Letter to the Readers
Martin Wilcox 46:132

Sebastos: Herod's Harbor at Caesarea Maritima
Robert L.Hohlfelder, John P.Oleson,
Avner Raban and R.Lindley Vann 46:133-143

God Writes a Rude Letter (Jeremiah 29:1-23)
William L. Holladay 46:145-146

Was the Coin-on-Eye Custom a Jewish Burial Practice in the Second Temple Period?
Rachel Hachlili and Ann Killebrew 46:147-153

The Jacob and Laban Narrative in Light of Near Eastern Sources
Martha A. Morrison 46:155-164

2Corinthians 10:13-16: Illuminated by a Recently Published Inscription
James F. Strange 46:167-168

"Silver, Gold, and Precious Stones from Hazor" in a New Mari Document
Abraham Malamat 46:169-174

Decorative Geometric Designs in Stone: The Rediscovery of a Technique of Roman- Byzantine Craftsmen
Robert Houston Smith 46:175-186

Bas-Relief Decoration of a Roman Sarcophagus
Robert Houston Smith 46:178-179
A Reconstruction of the Technique for Laying Out the Design of a Pella Mosaic
Robert Houston Smith 46:182-183

A Scholar and Gentleman: James Alan Montgomery
Cyrus H. Gordon 46:187-189

Book reviews 46:190-192
Ron Cameron, The Other Gospels: Non-Canonical Gospel Texts
(Charles W. Hedrick) 46:190

J. Weingreen, Introduction to the Critical Study of the Text of the Hebrew Bible
(Leonard Greenspoon) 46:190-191

John Boardman, The Greeks Overseas: Their Early Colonies and Trade
(Albert Leonard, Jr.) . 46:191-192

Books received 46:192
From the Editor's Desk
Eric M. Meyers 46:196-197

New Archaeological Evidence on Ancient Capernaum
Vasillios Tzaferis 46:198-204

The Plain Meaning of Genesis 1:1-3
Harry M. Orlinsky 46:207-209

Underground Hiding Complexes from the Bar Kokhba War in the Judean Shephelah
Amos Kloner 46:210-221

The Amman Airport Structure and the Geopolitics of Ancient Transjordan
Larry G. Herr 46:223-229

Edward Robinson: Biblical Scholar
Philip J. King 46:230-232

Why Study the Pseudepigrapha?
Michael E. Stone 46:235-243
1Enoch 71: Vision of the Fiery House and the Antecedent of Days
E. Isaac 46:236

Some Chief Writings of the Pseudepigrapha
Michael E. Stone 46:238-239

The Blind Man and the Lame Man
in the Apocryphon of Ezekiel
James R. Mueller 46:241-242

Near Eastern Archaeology in Historic Photographs
Ingeborg Endter O'Reilly 46:245-250

Mark 15:46: The Shroud of Turin
as a Problem of History and Faith
D. Moody Smith 46:251-254

Book reviews 46:255-256
Kathleen M. Kenyon, The Bible and Recent Archaeology
(Henry O. Thompson) 46:255-256

Books received 46:256

volume 47

The Ebla Tablets ed. by Dennis Pardee
Lorenzo Vigano 47:6-16

New Discoveries at Ebla: The Excavation of the Western Palace and the Royal Necropolis of the Amorite Period
Paolo Matthiae 47:18-32

[Comments on Ebla]
James D. Muhly 47:29

The Success and Failure of
Robert Alexander Stewart Macalister
Page A. Thomas 47:33-35

The Bible and Archaeology
Eric M. Meyers 47:36-40

The Michigan State University Samaritan Collection
Robert T. Anderson 47:41-43

The Samaritans
Robert T. Anderson 47:42

New Evidence of the Samaritan Diaspora has been found at Delos
A.T. Kraabel 47:44-46

The Location of Biblical Ziklag
Joe D. Seger 47:47-53

"Vinedressers and Plowmen" 2 Kings 25:12 and Jeremiah 52:16
J.N. Graham 47:55-58

Book reviews 47:58-63
Books received 47:63-64
From the Editor's Desk
Eric M. Meyers 47:67

Letter to the Readers
Jack M. Sasson 47:68

The Palace of Zimri-Lim at Mari
Marie-Henriette Gates 47:70-87

Wall Paintings from the Palace at Mari
Marie-Henriette Gates 47:75-78

The Mari Archives
Dennis Pardee 47:88-99

The Earliest Mention of the Name "Canaan"
Jack M. Sasson 47:90

The Problem of Chronology in Ancient Mesopotamia
Jonathan T. Glass 47:92

Mari, the Bible, and the Northwest Semitic World
Andre Lemaire 47:101-108

The Ban in the Old Testament and at Mari
Andre Lemaire 47:103

Thoughts of Zimri-Lim
Jack M. Sasson 47:110-120

Addu-duri's Dream
Jack M. Sasson 47:111-112

Trials by the River-god
Jack M. Sasson 47:113-114

Ice at Mari
Jack M. Sasson 47:115-116

In Praise of Myself: Yakhdun-Lim Builds a City
Jack M. Sasson 47:117-118

Book reviews 47:123-127
The Flood
Judah Goldin 47:125
Books received 47:128

From the Editor's Desk.
In Memoriam: Yigael Yadin (1917-1984)
Eric M. Meyers 47:131

Long-distance Seafaring in the Ancient Near East
Robert R. Stieglitz 47:134-142

A Sailing Ship on a Hebrew Seal
Nahman Avigad 47:139

Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson: Pioneer Cuneiformist
Philip G. Couture 47:143-145

The Corinth that Saint Paul Saw
Jerome Murphy-O'Connor 47:147-159

[L. Junius Gallo]
Jerome Murphy-O'Connor 47:148

Historical Authors
Jerome Murphy-O'Connor 47:151-152

The Collections at Yale University
Kenneth G. Hoglund 47:160-165

Dura-Europos: A Fortress of Syro- Mesopotamian Art
Marie-Henriette Gates 47:166-181

The Niche in the Synagogue at Dura-Europos
Eric M. Meyers 47:174

Excavated Incense Burners
Mervyn D. Fowler 47:183-186

Book reviews 47:187-192
Books received 47:192
From the Editor's Desk
Eric M. Meyers 47:196

ASOR at 85
Philip J. King 47:197-205

Gezer Revisited: New Excavations of the Solomonic and Assyrian Period Defenses
William G. Dever 47:206-218

Sir Flinders Petrie
Valerie M. Fargo 47:220-223

Noah and the Flood in Jewish, Christian,
and Muslim Tradition
Jack P. Lewis 47:224-239

Noah
Lloyd R. Bailey 47:225

The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, University College London
Barbara Adams 47:240-244

Zimri-Lim Takes the Grand Tour
Jack M. Sasson 47:246-251

The Calendar at Mari
Jack M. Sasson 47:249-250

A Note on Artistic Representations of the Second Temple of Jerusalem
Asher S. Kaufman 47:253-254

Book reviews 47:255

volume 48

Rediscovering Tell Leilan
Harvey Weiss 48:5

Tell Leilan on the Habur Plains of Syria
Harvey Weiss 48:5-34

Palm Trees and Spiral Columns
Harvey Weiss 48:10-11

The Search for Shamshi-Adad's Capital City
Harvey Weiss 48:27-30

The Cuisine of Ancient Mesopotamia
Jean Bottero 48:36-47

Beer and Wine: The Fermented Beverages of Mesopotamia
Kenneth G. Hoglund 48:40-41

Recipes: Yale Babylonian Tablet number 4644
Jean Bottero 48:41-42

Recipes: Yale Babylonian Tablet number 8958
Jean Bottero 48:43-44

Salvage Excavations at Tell Hadidi in the Euphrates River Valley
Rudolph H. Dornemann 48:49-59

The Tabqa Dam Area During the Protoliterate Period
Rudolph H. Dornemann 48:50
Book reviews 48:60-64

From the Editor's Desk
Eric M. Meyers 48:67

Who Hid the Dead Sea Scrolls?
Norman Golb 48:68-82

Ancient Scribes and Scripts and the Clues They Leave
Richard Simon Hanson 48:83-88

The Book of Daniel and the Origin of the Qumran Community
John C. Trever 48:89-102

Prophecy and the Book of Daniel
John C. Trever 48:91-92

Who is an Essene?
Stephen Goranson 48:101

Max Leopold Margolis: A Scholar's Scholar
Leonard Greenspoon 48:103-106

Ancient Jewish Coins in the Correspondence Between John Locke and Nicolas Toinard
Henryk Minc 48:109-121

A Glossary of Numismatic Terms
Henryk Minc 48:118

Minting Ancient Jewish Coins
David Hendin 48:120
Book reviews 48:122-127

Letter to the Readers
Lawrence T. Geraty 48:131-132

Neve Noy: A Chalcolithic Site of Beer-Sheba Culture
Iris Elder and Ya`aqov Baumgarten 48:134-139

Ebla to Damascus: Art and Archaeology of Ancient Syria
Ellen Reeder Williams
and Suzanne Heim 48:140-147

The Use and Abuse of Archaeology
in Current Bible Handbooks
James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews 48:149-159

A Note From the Editor of B.A.
Eric M. Meyers 48:160

Satellite Mapping and the Interpretation of "False Color"
R.L.W. Cleave 48:160-161

Numismatics and Archaeology
John Wilson Betlyon 48:162-165

Some Notes on a Silver Coin
of Johanan the High Priest
Dan P. Barag 48:166-168

The Servant of Baalis
Larry G. Herr 48:169-172

An Ammonite King List
Frank Moore Cross 48:171

Israel, Judah, and Ammon and the Motifs on the Baalis Seal from Tell el-`Umeiri
Randall W. Younker 48:173-180

The Ammonites
Julia M. O'Brien 48:176

Elizabeth Anne Finn
Gillian Webster 48:181-185

Baroness Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts
Gillian Webster 48:186-189

"The Crucified Man From Giv`at ha-Mivtar -- A Reappraisal"
Joseph Zias and Eliezer Sekeles 48:190-191

Book reviews 48:191-192
From the Editor's Desk
Eric M. Meyers 48:195

The Miracle Church at Tabgha on the Sea of Galilee
Bargil Pixner 48:196-206

The Eremos of Jesus
Bargil Pixner 48:198

Was There One Multiplication Miracle or Two?
Bargil Pixner 48:199

The Sacred Grotto
Bargil Pixner 48:203

Searching for the New Testament Site of Bethsaida
Bargil Pixner 48:207-216

An Analysis of Josephus' Report of the Battle of Bethsaida-Julias
Bargil Pixner 48:209

The Luxor Museum of Ancient Egyptian Art
Lisa and Fattah Sabbahy 48:217-221

The Use and Abuse of Archaeology
in Current One-volume Bible Dictionaries
James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews 48:222-237

Contacts Between Egypt and Syro-Palestine During the Protodynastic Period ed. by Dennis Pardee
Mary Wright 48:240-253

The Palette of King Narmer
Karen S. Hoglund 48:241-242

Book reviews 48:254-256

volume 49

Preliminary Report: Coins Found at Sepphoris
David Hendin 49:8-9

[Radar in Archaeology]
James F. Strange 49:14

Preliminary Report: The Lead Weight
Ya`akov Meshorer 49:16-17

The Beehive Buildings of Ancient Palestine
John D. Currid 49:20-24

Jews, Christians, and the Gallus Revolt in Fourth-Century Palestine
Barbara Geller Nathanson 49:26-36

Is Cyprus Ancient Alashiya? New Evidence from an Egyptian Tablet
Shelly Wachsmann 49:37-40

Political Conditions in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Late Bronze Age
Robert S. Merrillees 49:42-50

The Hittites
Robert S. Merrillees 49:44

Seafaring in the Late Bronze Age
Robert S. Merrillees 49:45

The Mitanni
Marie-Henriette Gates 49:49

Three Ancient Seals
Nahman Avigad 49:51-53

A Note on the Seal of Peqah the Armor-Bearer, Future King of Israel
Pierre Bordreuil 49:54-55

On the Archaeological Evidence for a Coin-on-Eye Jewish Burial Custom in the First Century A.D.
William Meacham 49:56-59

The Coin-in-Skull Affair: A Rejoinder
Rachel Hachlili and Ann Killebrew 49:59-60

"Whose Likeness and Inscription is This?" (Mark 12:16)
L.Y. Rahmani 49:60-61

Book reviews 49:61-64
Letter to the Readers
Lawrence T. Geraty 49:67

Exploring Exodus: The Oppression
Nahum M. Sarna 49:69-80

The Chalcolithic Period
Thomas E. Levy 49:82-108

Paul Emile Botta
Francis H. McGovern
and John N. McGovern 49:109-113

The Timing of the Snagging of the Ram, Genesis 22:13
Marvin H. Pope 49:114-117

The Wells of Gerar
Victor H. Matthews 49:118-126

Book reviews 49:127-128

From the Editor's Desk
Eric M. Meyers 49:131

Giovanni Battista Belzoni
Donald P. Ryan 49:133-138

The Dead Sea Scrolls: Part 1, Archaeology and Biblical Manuscripts
Michael Wise 49:140-154

The Pottery of Khirbet Qumran and the Caves
Michael Wise 49:144-145

Treasures of the Holy Land: Ancient Art from the Israel Museum
John K. McDonald 49:155-165

The Symbols of Power: Aspects of Royal Propaganda in the United Monarchy
Keith W. Whitelam 49:166-173

Why Study the Septuagint?
Melvin K.H. Peters 49:174-181

Printed Editions of the Septuagint
Melvin K.H. Peters 49:176

Revisions/Recensions of the Septuagint
Melvin K.H. Peters 49:178

The Septuagint and the Masoritic Text
Melvin K.H. Peters 49:179

Was Byzantine Herodium a Leprosarium?
Joseph Zias 49:182-186

Gehenna: The Topography of Hell
Lloyd R. Bailey 49:187-191

Bullae from the City of David: A Hoard of Seal Impressions from the Israelite Period
Yigal Shiloh and David Tarler 49:196-209

The Joe Alon Center for Regional and Folklore Studies
Oded Borowski 49:210-215

Some Observations on the Balaam Tradition at Deir `Alla
Jo Ann Hackett 49:216-222

Balaam in the Bible and at Deir `Alla
Henry O. Thompson 49:218-219

The Deir `Alla Text: Combination I
Jo Ann Hackett 49:220-221

The Profile of an Israelite City
Cornelis de Geus 49:224-227

The Dead Sea Scrolls: Part 2, Nonbiblical Manuscripts
Michael Wise 49:228-243

Are there Beehive Granaries at Tell Jemmeh? A Rejoinder
Gus W. Van Beek 49:245-247

Book reviews 49:248-254

volume 50

An Interview with Mrs. Emily Wright
Eric M. Meyers and Carol L. Meyers 50:5-12

G.E. Wright at the Harvard Semitic Museum
Carney E.S. Gavin 50:10-20

An American Scholar
Avraham Biran 50:14-15

Wright as a Teacher
William G. Dever 50:16-17

At the Winslow Lectures
Dennis E. Groh 50:21

The Early Bronze Age: The Rise and Collapse of Urbanism
Suzanne Richard 50:22-43

The Paleo-Hebrew Leviticus Scroll from Qumran
K.A. Matthews 50:45-54

Hebrew Vowel Letters
Moshe Greenberg 50:51

Local-Texts Theory
K.A. Matthews 50:52

Examples of Variant Reading
K.A. Matthews 50:53

Old Testament History and Archaeology
Max Miller 50:55-63

Letter to the Readers
Lawrence T. Geraty 50:68-69

In Memoriam: Pere Pierre Benoit, O.P.
Lawrence T. Geraty 50:69

Homage to the Elders
Gloria Anne London 50:70-74

Egyptian Amphorae of the New Kingdom and Ramesside Periods
Bryant G. Wood 50:75-83

Conquest or Settlement? The Early Iron Age in Palestine
Volkmar Fritz 50:84-100

The Mycenaeans
John S. Jorgensen 50:86-87

A Tyrian Coin in Jordan
Henry O. Thompson 50:101-104

The First Hasmonean Coins
Yigal Ronen 50:105-107

A New Look at Chalcolithic Beer-Sheba
Isaac Gilead 50:110-117

The Harbor of the Sea Peoples at Dor
Avner Raban 50:118-126

The Sea Peoples
John S. Jorgensen 50:124-125

From the Editor's Desk
Eric M. Meyers 50:131

The Cuisine of Ancient Sumer
Henri Limet 50:132-147

A Brief History of the Third Dynasty of Ur
C.E. Carter 50:141-143

The Middle Bronze Age: The Zenith of the Urban Canaanite Era
William G. Dever 50:149-177

The New Archaeology
William G. Dever 50:150-151

The Development of the Alphabet
W.F. Albright and J. Naveh 50:170

Life on the Land: The Subsistence Struggles of Early Israel
David C. Hopkins 50:178-191

In Memoriam: Yigal Shiloh 50:196

The Rise and Fall of Ekron of the Philistines
Seymour Gitin and Trude Dothan 50:197-222

Artistry in Stone: The Mosaics of Ancient Sepphoris
Eric M. Meyers, Ehud Netzer, and Carol L. Meyers 50:223-231

The Making of Mosaics
Christine Kondoleon 50:226

Dionysos in Myth and Art
David Castriota 50:228

The Lion Bowl from Kinneret
Volkmar Fritz 50:232-240

Yahweh of Samaria and His Asherah
David Noel Freedman 50:241-249

David Noel Freedman
Richard Elliott Friedman 50:243

Four Inscriptions
David Noel Freedman . 50:244-245

Book reviews 50:252-254

Book reviews

Helmut Koester, Introduction to the New Testament. Volume I: History, Culture, and Religion of the Hellenistic Age; Volume 2: History and Literature of Early Christianity
(Patrick Henry) 47:58-60

Roger Moorey, Excavation in Palestine
(James King West) 47:60-62

John R. Bartlett, Jericho
(James King West) 47:60-62

Philip R. Davies, Qumran
(James King West) 47:60-62

Robert G. Boling, Joshua: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary
(Clayton Libolt) 47:62-63

Klaus Koch, The Prophets, Volume One, The Assyrian Period
(David L. Petersen) 47:123-124

Judith Ochshorn, The Female Experience and the Nature of the Divine
(Rivkah Harris) 47:124-125

Nicholas Turner, Handbook for Biblical Studies
(Mark Throntveit) 47:125-126

Douglas Stuart, Old Testament Exegesis: A Primer for Students and Pastors
(Mark A. Throntveit) 47:126-127

Erik Hornung, Conceptions of God in Ancient Egypt
(Michael V. Fox) 47:187-188

Diane Wolkstein and Samuel Noah Kramer, Inanna: Queen of Heaven and Earth
(William W. Hallo) 47:188

Diane Wolkstein and Samuel Noah Kramer, Inanna: Queen of Heaven and Earth
(Jerrold S. Cooper) 47:188-189

Jerrold S. Cooper, Reconstructing History from Ancient Inscriptions: The Lagash-Umma Border Conflict
(Benjamin R. Foster) 47:189-192

Frederick E. Greenspahn (ed.), Scripture in
the Jewish and Christian Traditions: Authority, Interpretation, Relevance
(Joseph Blenkinsopp) 47:255

Gonzalo Baez-Camargo, Archaeological Commentary on the Bible
(James C. Moyer) 47:255

Brian M. Fagan (ed.), Prehistoric Times
(Kay Simpson) 48:60

Michael Grant, From Alexander to Cleopatra: The Hellenistic World
(David F. Graf) 48:60-61

Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, St. Paul's Corinth: Texts and Archaeology
(Wendell Willis) 48:61-62

Kenneth A. Kitchen, Pharaoh Triumphant:
The Life and Times of Ramesses II, King of Egypt
(Alan R. Schulman) 48:62-63

Leslie J. Hoppe, O.F.M., What Are They Saying About Biblical Archaeology
(Gary A. Herion) 48:63-64

Yigael Yadin, The Temple Scroll
(Lawrence H. Schiffman) 48:122-126

Ben Zion Wacholder, The Dawn of Qumran: The Sectarian Torah and the Teacher of Righteousness
(James C. VanderKam) 48:126-127

Yigael Yadin, The Temple Scroll: The Hidden Law
of the Dead Sea Sect
(Stephen Goranson) 48:127

H.H. Halley, Halley's Bible Handbook
(James C. Moyer
and Victor H. Matthews) 48:149-150

L.O. Richards, World Bible Handbook
(James C. Moyer
and Victor H. Matthews) 48:150

W.A. Elwell (ed.), Shaw Pocket Bible Handbook
(James C. Moyer and
Victor H. Matthews) 48:150-151

E.P. Blair, Abingdon Bible Handbook
(James C. Moyer
and Victor H. Matthews) 48:151

D. Alexander and P. Alexander, Eerdman's Handbook of the Bible
(James C. Moyer
and Victor H. Matthews) 48:151-152

G.N. Larson, New Unger's Bible Handbook
(James C. Moyer
and Victor H. Matthews) 48:152

R. Boyd, Boyd's Bible Handbook
(James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews) 48:152

V.G. Beers, Victor Handbook of Bible Knowledge
(James C. Moyer
and Victor H. Matthews) 48:152-153

J.I. Packer, M.C. Tenney and W. White, Jr. (eds.), The Bible Almanac
(James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews) 48:153

Peter C. Craigie, Ugarit and the Old Testament
(W. Boyd Barrick) 48:191

Michael Patrick O'Connor and David Noel Freedman, The Bible and Its Traditions
(Edward L. Greenstein) 48:191-192

J.D. Davis, Davis Dictionary of the Bible
(James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews) 48:222-223

P. Alexander, Eerdmans' Family Encyclopedia of the Bible (1978)
(James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews) 48:223

F.N. Peloubet (ed.), The Everyday Bible Dictionary
(James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews) 48:224

P. Achtemeier, Harper's Bible Dictionary
(James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews) 48:224-225

J. Hastings (ed.), Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
(James C. Moyer and Victor H. Matthews)